John 19

Jesus Delivered to Be Crucified

1 Then Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged him. Parallel theme: Psalms 129:3, Isaiah 50:6, 53:5, Matthew 20:19, 23:34, Luke 18:33, 23:16, 23:23 +3

2 And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe, Parallel theme: Psalms 22:6, Isaiah 53:3, Luke 23:11

3 And said, Hail, King of the Jews! and they smote him with their hands. Kingdom: Matthew 27:29

4 Pilate therefore went forth again, and saith unto them, Behold, I bring him forth to you, that ye may know that I find no fault in him. Parallel theme: John 18:38, 19:6, Luke 23:4, 23:47

5 Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man! References Jesus: John 1:29, Hebrews 12:2. Parallel theme: John 19:2, Isaiah 7:14, 40:9

6 When the chief priests therefore and officers saw him, they cried out, saying, Crucify him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Take ye him, and crucify him: for I find no fault in him. Parallel theme: John 18:31, 19:4

7 The Jews answered him, We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally.. References God: John 5:18, Mark 15:39, Romans 1:4. Word: Deuteronomy 18:20. Parallel theme: Leviticus 24:16

8 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he was the more afraid;

9 And went again into the judgment hall, and saith unto Jesus, Whence art thou? But Jesus gave him no answer. Judgment: John 18:33

10 Then saith Pilate unto him, Speakest thou not unto me? knowest thou not that I have power to crucify thee, and have power to release thee?

11 Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sinSin: ἁμαρτία (Hamartia). The Greek hamartia (ἁμαρτία) means sin—missing the target of God's perfection. 'All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God' (Romans 3:23), requiring Christ's atoning sacrifice.. References Jesus: Acts 3:13. Parallel theme: John 3:27, 7:30, Daniel 4:17, 4:25, Matthew 6:13, Acts 2:23, 4:28, Romans 13:1, James 1:17 +5

12 And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release him: but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this man go, thou art not Caesar's friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh against Caesar.

13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha. Judgment: Matthew 27:19

14 And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King! Parallel theme: John 19:5, 19:42, Matthew 27:62, Mark 15:25

15 But they cried out, Away with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify your King? The chief priests answered, We have no king but Caesar. Cross: John 19:6. Parallel theme: Genesis 49:10, Luke 23:18, Acts 21:36, 22:22

The Crucifixion

16 Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him away.

17 And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha: Cross: Mark 15:32, Luke 14:27, 23:26, 23:33. Parallel theme: Acts 7:58

18 Where they crucified him, and two other with him, on either side one, and Jesus in the midst. Parallel theme: Isaiah 53:12

19 And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS. Kingdom: John 19:14, Matthew 27:37, Mark 15:26, Luke 23:38

20 This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was nigh to the city: and it was written in Hebrew, and Greek, and Latin.

21 Then said the chief priests of the Jews to Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but that he said, I am King of the Jews.

22 Pilate answered, What I have written I have written. Parallel theme: Psalms 76:10

23 Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout. References Jesus: Luke 23:34. Cross: Matthew 27:35, Mark 15:24

24 They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did. Word: John 19:28. Parallel theme: Psalms 22:18

Jesus' Mother and the Beloved Disciple

25 Now there stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene. References Jesus: Mark 16:9. Parallel theme: John 20:1, Matthew 12:46, Luke 2:35, 8:2, 23:49, 24:18 +2

26 When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son! References Jesus: John 2:4. Love: John 13:23, 20:2, 21:7, 21:20. Parallel theme: John 21:24

27 Then saith he to the disciple, Behold thy mother! And from that hour that disciple took her unto his own home. Parallel theme: John 1:11, 16:32, Genesis 45:8

The Death of Jesus

28 After this, Jesus knowing that all things were now accomplished, that the scripture might be fulfilled, saith, I thirst. References Jesus: John 13:1, 18:4, 19:30. Word: John 19:24. Parallel theme: Psalms 22:15, 69:21, Luke 9:31, 18:31, 22:37, Acts 13:29 +5

29 Now there was set a vessel full of vinegar: and they filled a spunge with vinegar, and put it upon hyssop, and put it to his mouth. Parallel theme: Exodus 12:22, Numbers 19:18, Psalms 51:7, Matthew 27:34, 27:48, Mark 15:36, Luke 23:36 +2

30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up the ghost. References Jesus: John 19:28, Hebrews 12:2. Spirit: Mark 15:37, Luke 23:46. Parallel theme: John 10:11, 17:4, Isaiah 53:10, Daniel 9:24, Romans 10:4, Philippians 2:8 +5

31 The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation, that the bodies should not remain upon the cross on the sabbath day, (for that sabbath day was an high day,) besought Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. Parallel theme: John 19:1, 19:14, 19:42, Exodus 12:16, Joshua 8:29, Proverbs 12:10, Micah 3:3, Mark 15:42 +3

32 Then came the soldiers, and brake the legs of the first, and of the other which was crucified with him. Cross: John 19:18

33 But when they came to Jesus, and saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs:

34 But one of the soldiers with a spear pierced his side, and forthwith came there out bloodBlood: αἷμα (Haima). The Greek haima (αἷμα) denotes blood. Christ's blood 'cleanseth us from all sin' (1 John 1:7), securing 'eternal redemption' (Hebrews 9:12) through His once-for-all sacrifice. Believers have been 'purchased with his own blood' (Acts 20:28). and water. Blood: Hebrews 9:13, 9:22, 1 John 5:6, 5:8, Revelation 1:5, 7:14. Parallel theme: Psalms 51:7, Ezekiel 36:25, Zechariah 12:10, 13:1 +5

35 And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believeBelieve: πιστεύω (Pisteuo). The Greek pisteuo (πιστεύω) means to believe or trust—active reliance upon Christ. 'For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish' (John 3:16).. Faith: John 20:31. Truth: John 21:24. Parallel theme: John 15:27, Acts 10:39, Romans 15:4, 1 Peter 5:1

36 For these things were done, that the scripture should be fulfilled, A bone of him shall not be broken. Parallel theme: Exodus 12:46, Numbers 9:12, Psalms 22:14, 34:20

37 And again another scripture saith, They shall look on him whom they pierced. Parallel theme: Zechariah 12:10, Revelation 1:7

The Burial of Jesus

38 And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews, besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.

39 And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight. Related: Song of Solomon 4:14

40 Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury. References Jesus: John 11:44. Parallel theme: Acts 5:6

41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden; and in the garden a new sepulchre, wherein was never man yet laid. Parallel theme: John 20:15, Isaiah 22:16, Matthew 27:60, Luke 23:53

42 There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews' preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand. Parallel theme: John 19:14, 19:31, 19:41, Isaiah 53:9