John 19:23

Authorized King James Version

Then the soldiers, when they had crucified Jesus, took his garments, and made four parts, to every soldier a part; and also his coat: now the coat was without seam, woven from the top throughout.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
οὖν
Then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
στρατιώτῃ
soldier
a camper-out, i.e., a (common) warrior (literally or figuratively)
#4
ὅτε
when
at which (thing) too, i.e., when
#5
ἐσταύρωσαν
they had crucified
to impale on the cross; figuratively, to extinguish (subdue) passion or selfishness
#6
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#8
ἔλαβον
took
while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))
#9
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
ἱμάτια
garments
a dress (inner or outer)
#11
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#13
ἐποίησαν
made
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#14
τέσσαρα
four
four
#15
μέρος
a part
a division or share (literally or figuratively, in a wide application)
#16
ἑκάστῳ
to every
each or every
#17
στρατιώτῃ
soldier
a camper-out, i.e., a (common) warrior (literally or figuratively)
#18
μέρος
a part
a division or share (literally or figuratively, in a wide application)
#19
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#20
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
χιτὼν
his coat
a tunic or shirt
#22
ἦν
was
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#23
δὲ
now
but, and, etc
#24
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#25
χιτὼν
his coat
a tunic or shirt
#26
ἄῤῥαφος,
without seam
unsewed, i.e., of a single piece
#27
ἐκ
from
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#28
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#29
ἄνωθεν
the top
from above; by analogy, from the first; by implication, anew
#30
ὑφαντὸς
woven
woven, i.e., (perhaps) knitted
#31
δι'
throughout
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#32
ὅλου
"whole" or "all", i.e., complete (in extent, amount, time or degree), especially (neuter) as noun or adverb

Analysis

Within the broader context of John, this passage highlights divine love through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of John.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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