John 19:35

Authorized King James Version

And he that saw it bare record, and his record is true: and he knoweth that he saith true, that ye might believe.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
ἑωρακὼς
he that saw
by extension, to attend to; by hebraism, to experience; passively, to appear
#4
μεμαρτύρηκεν
it bare record
to be a witness, i.e., testify (literally or figuratively)
#5
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
ἀληθινὴ
true
truthful
#7
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#8
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#9
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
μαρτυρία
record
evidence given (judicially or genitive case)
#11
κἀκεῖνος
and he
likewise that (or those)
#12
οἶδεν
knoweth
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#13
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#14
ἀληθῆ
true
true (as not concealing)
#15
λέγει
he saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#16
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#17
ὑμεῖς
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#18
πιστεύσητε
might believe
to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch

Analysis

Within the broader context of John, this passage highlights faith and obedience through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of John.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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