John 19:21

Authorized King James Version

Then said the chief priests of the Jews to Pilate, Write not, The King of the Jews; but that he said, I am King of the Jews.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἔλεγον
said
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#2
οὖν
Then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Πιλάτῳ
to Pilate
close-pressed, i.e., firm; pilatus, a roman
#5
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
ἀρχιερεῖς
the chief priests
the high-priest (literally, of the jews; typically, christ); by extension a chief priest
#7
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
Ἰουδαίων
of the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#9
Μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#10
γράφε·
Write
to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
Βασιλεύς
King
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
#13
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
Ἰουδαίων
of the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#15
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#16
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#17
ἐκεῖνος
he
that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
#18
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#19
Βασιλεύς
King
a sovereign (abstractly, relatively, or figuratively)
#20
εἰμι
I am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#21
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
Ἰουδαίων
of the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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