John 19:11

Authorized King James Version

Jesus answered, Thou couldest have no power at all against me, except it were given thee from above: therefore he that delivered me unto thee hath the greater sin.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἀπεκρίθη
answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#4
Οὐκ
no
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#5
ἔχει
Thou couldest have
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio
#6
ἐξουσίαν
power
privilege, i.e., (subjectively) force, capacity, competency, freedom, or (objectively) mastery (concretely, magistrate, superhuman, potentate, token o
#7
οὐδεμίαν
at all against
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing
#8
κατ'
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
#9
ἐμοῦ
me
of me
#10
εἰ
if, whether, that, etc
#11
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#12
ἦν
it were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#13
σοι
thee
to thee
#14
δεδομένον
given
to give (used in a very wide application, properly, or by implication, literally or figuratively; greatly modified by the connection)
#15
ἄνωθεν·
from above
from above; by analogy, from the first; by implication, anew
#16
διὰ
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#17
τοῦτο
therefore
that thing
#18
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
παραδιδούς
he that delivered
to surrender, i.e yield up, entrust, transmit
#20
μέ
me
me
#21
σοι
thee
to thee
#22
μείζονα
big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application)
#23
ἁμαρτίαν
sin
a sin (properly abstract)
#24
ἔχει
Thou couldest have
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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