James 1:17

Authorized King James Version

Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
πᾶν
Every
all, any, every, the whole
#2
δόσις
gift
a giving; by implication, (concretely) a gift
#3
ἀγαθὴ
G18
good
"good" (in any sense, often as noun)
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
πᾶν
Every
all, any, every, the whole
#6
δώρημα
gift
a bestowment
#7
τέλειον
perfect
complete (in various applications of labor, growth, mental and moral character, etc.); neuter (as noun, with g3588) completeness
#8
ἄνωθέν
from above
from above; by analogy, from the first; by implication, anew
#9
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#10
καταβαῖνον
and cometh down
to descend (literally or figuratively)
#11
ἀπὸ
from
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#12
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
πατρὸς
the Father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#14
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
φώτων
of lights
luminousness (in the widest application, natural or artificial, abstract or concrete, literal or figurative)
#16
παρ'
with
properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj
#17
whom
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#18
οὐκ
no
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#19
ἔνι
is
impersonally, there is in or among
#20
παραλλαγὴ
variableness
transmutation (of phase or orbit), i.e., (figuratively) fickleness
#21
neither
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#22
τροπῆς
of turning
a turn ("trope"), i.e., revolution (figuratively, variation)
#23
ἀποσκίασμα
shadow
a shading off, i.e., obscuration

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to James. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of James Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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