Romans 5

Peace with God Through Faith

1 Therefore being justified by faithFaith: πίστις (Pistis). The Greek pistis (πίστις) denotes faith, belief, or trust—confidence in God's character and promises. It's both intellectual assent and relational trust, central to justification (Romans 5:1)., we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ: References Jesus: Romans 6:23. Faith: Romans 4:5, 15:13. Righteousness: Romans 14:17, Isaiah 32:17. Peace: Isaiah 54:13, John 14:27, 16:33, Colossians 1:20, 2 Thessalonians 3:16 +5

2 By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the gloryGlory: δόξα (Doxa). The Greek doxa (δόξα) means glory, splendor, or magnificence—the radiant manifestation of God's perfection. Christ revealed the Father's glory: 'we beheld his glory' (John 1:14). of God. Faith: John 5:24, Ephesians 3:12. References God: 1 Peter 3:18. Grace: 2 Thessalonians 2:16. Hope: Romans 12:12, Hebrews 3:6. Glory: 2 Corinthians 4:17. Parallel theme: John 10:9, 1 Corinthians 15:1, Ephesians 2:18 +5

3 And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience; Glory: 2 Corinthians 4:17, Ephesians 3:13. Parallel theme: Luke 21:19, Acts 5:41, James 1:12, 1 Peter 3:14

4 And patience, experience; and experience, hopeHope: ἐλπίς (Elpis). The Greek elpis (ἐλπίς) denotes hope—confident expectation of good. This hope is 'an anchor of the soul' (Hebrews 6:19), grounded in Christ's resurrection and the believer's future inheritance (1 Peter 1:3-4).: Hope: Romans 15:4, Psalms 71:14. Parallel theme: James 1:12, 1 Peter 5:10

5 And hope maketh not ashamed; because the loveLove: ἀγάπη (Agape). The Greek agape (ἀγάπη) denotes self-sacrificial, unconditional love—the highest form of love, characterizing God's nature (1 John 4:8) and the love Christians are called to demonstrate. of God is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us. Spirit: 2 Corinthians 1:22, Galatians 4:6. Hope: Job 27:8, Philippians 1:20. Love: Galatians 5:22, 1 John 4:19. Holy: Acts 2:33, Ephesians 1:13, 4:30. Parallel theme: 2 Timothy 1:12 +5

6 For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. References Christ: Romans 5:8, 1 Thessalonians 5:9. References God: Romans 4:5, 5:10, Galatians 4:4, 1 Timothy 1:9, Titus 2:12. Parallel theme: Romans 4:25, Colossians 2:13, Hebrews 9:26 +5

7 For scarcely for a righteousRighteous: δίκαιος (Dikaios). The Greek dikaios (δίκαιος) means righteous or just—conforming to God's standard. Christ's righteousness is imputed to believers through faith (Romans 4:5), making them legally righteous before God. man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. Good: Acts 11:24. Parallel theme: Romans 16:4, John 15:13, 1 John 3:16

8 But GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally. commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. References Christ: Romans 5:6, Ephesians 2:7, 1 Timothy 1:16. Love: John 3:16, 15:13, 1 John 3:16. Sin: Romans 5:20, Isaiah 53:6, 1 Peter 3:18. Parallel theme: Romans 4:25 +5

9 Much more then, being now justified by his bloodBlood: αἷμα (Haima). The Greek haima (αἷμα) denotes blood. Christ's blood 'cleanseth us from all sin' (1 John 1:7), securing 'eternal redemption' (Hebrews 9:12) through His once-for-all sacrifice. Believers have been 'purchased with his own blood' (Acts 20:28)., we shall be saved from wrath through him. Judgment: 1 Thessalonians 1:10. Blood: Ephesians 2:13, Hebrews 9:14, 9:22, 1 John 1:7. Righteousness: Romans 1:18, 5:1, 8:30. Parallel theme: Romans 8:1, John 5:24 +5

10 For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life. Salvation: Hebrews 7:25. References God: Romans 8:7, 8:34, Ephesians 2:16. Parallel theme: Romans 8:32, Leviticus 6:30, Daniel 9:24, John 14:19, Revelation 1:18 +4

11 And not only so, but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonementAtonement: καταλλαγή (Katallage). The Greek katallage (καταλλαγή) means reconciliation—restoring relationship with God. Christ's death accomplished 'the atonement' (Romans 5:11), bringing peace between God and man.. References God: Romans 5:10, Psalms 43:4, Isaiah 61:10, Galatians 4:9. References Lord: 1 Samuel 2:1, Psalms 104:34, Philippians 4:4. Parallel theme: Psalms 149:2, 1 Peter 1:8 +4

Death Through Adam, Life Through Christ

12 Wherefore, as by one man sinSin: ἁμαρτία (Hamartia). The Greek hamartia (ἁμαρτία) means sin—missing the target of God's perfection. 'All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God' (Romans 3:23), requiring Christ's atoning sacrifice. entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned: Sin: Romans 3:23, 5:19, 5:21, 6:23, Psalms 51:5, Ezekiel 18:4, James 1:15. Parallel theme: Genesis 2:17, 3:6, 3:19 +5

13 (For until the lawLaw: νόμος (Nomos). The Greek nomos (νόμος) denotes law—particularly the Mosaic law. While believers are not under law but under grace (Romans 6:14), Christ fulfilled the law (Matthew 5:17) and wrote it on believers' hearts (Hebrews 8:10). sin was in the world: but sin is not imputed when there is no law. Word: Romans 4:15, 1 Corinthians 15:56, 1 John 3:4. Parallel theme: Genesis 38:7, 38:10

14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgressionTransgression: παράβασις (Parabasis). The Greek parabasis (παράβασις) means transgression—stepping across a boundary. 'Where no law is, there is no transgression' (Romans 4:15), for transgression requires a known standard to violate., who is the figure of him that was to come. Kingdom: Romans 5:17, 5:21. Parallel theme: Romans 8:20, 8:22, Genesis 4:8, 7:22, 19:25, Jonah 4:11, 1 Corinthians 15:45, Hebrews 9:27 +5

15 But not as the offence, so also is the free gift. For if through the offence of one many be dead, much more the graceGrace: χάρις (Charis). The Greek charis (χάρις) denotes unmerited divine favor—God's kindness toward the undeserving. Salvation is 'by grace through faith' (Ephesians 2:8), not human merit. of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, hath abounded unto many. References Jesus: Romans 6:23. Grace: Ephesians 2:8. References God: 2 Corinthians 9:15, 1 John 5:11. Parallel theme: Romans 5:12, Isaiah 53:11

16 And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift: for the judgment was by one to condemnation, but the free gift is of many offences unto justification. Sin: Isaiah 1:18, 43:25, 44:22

17 For if by one man's offence death reigned by one; much more they which receive abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness shall reign in life by one, Jesus Christ.) Kingdom: 2 Timothy 2:12, Revelation 20:4, 20:6, 22:5. Righteousness: Isaiah 61:10. Parallel theme: Romans 5:12, Genesis 3:6, John 10:10, 1 Corinthians 15:49, Revelation 3:21 +5

18 Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. Righteousness: Romans 4:25, 5:19, Acts 13:39, 2 Peter 1:1. Parallel theme: Romans 5:12, 5:15, John 1:7, 12:32, 1 Corinthians 15:22, Hebrews 2:9 +5

19 For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners, so by the obedience of one shall many be made righteous. Righteousness: Romans 5:18, 2 Corinthians 5:21. Sin: Romans 5:12. Creation: Ephesians 1:6. Parallel theme: Romans 5:15, Philippians 2:8

20 Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sinSin: ἁμαρτία (Hamartia). The Greek hamartia (ἁμαρτία) means sin—missing the target of God's perfection. 'All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God' (Romans 3:23), requiring Christ's atoning sacrifice. abounded, grace did much more abound: Grace: Romans 6:1, 6:14, Matthew 9:13. Sin: Psalms 25:11, Isaiah 1:18, Ezekiel 16:52, Luke 7:47, John 15:22. Word: Romans 4:15. Parallel theme: John 10:10 +5

21 That as sin hath reigned unto death, even so might grace reign through righteousness unto eternalEternal: αἰώνιος (Aiōnios). The Greek aiōnios (αἰώνιος) denotes eternal or everlasting—unending duration. Believers possess 'eternal life' (John 3:16) now and will dwell with God eternally, while the impenitent face 'eternal punishment' (Matthew 25:46). life by Jesus Christ our Lord. Kingdom: Romans 5:14. Grace: Romans 5:17, 6:14, Titus 2:11, 1 Peter 5:10. Righteousness: Romans 6:16, 8:10. Sin: Romans 5:12, 6:23 +4