Romans 5:20

Authorized King James Version

Moreover the law entered, that the offence might abound. But where sin abounded, grace did much more abound:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
νόμος
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#2
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#3
παρεισῆλθεν
entered
to come in alongside, i.e., supervene additionally or steathily
#4
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#5
ἐπλεόνασεν
abounded
to do, make or be more, i.e., increase (transitively or intransitively); by extension, to superabound
#6
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
παράπτωμα·
the offence
a side-slip (lapse or deviation), i.e., (unintentional) error or (wilful) transgression
#8
οὗ
where
at which place, i.e., where
#9
δὲ
But
but, and, etc
#10
ἐπλεόνασεν
abounded
to do, make or be more, i.e., increase (transitively or intransitively); by extension, to superabound
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἁμαρτία
sin
a sin (properly abstract)
#13
ὑπερεπερίσσευσεν
did much more abound
to super-abound
#14
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
χάρις
grace
graciousness (as gratifying), of manner or act (abstract or concrete; literal, figurative or spiritual; especially the divine influence upon the heart

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Romans. The concept of grace reflects justification by faith as the foundation of Christian hope. The emotional and relational language employed here is characteristic of systematic theological exposition of the gospel, emphasizing the personal nature of divine-human relationship. The original language emphasizes charis in Greek or hen in Hebrew, emphasizing unmerited divine favor, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the early imperial period under Nero (c. 57 CE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Roman Empire at its height, with sophisticated legal systems, diverse religious practices, and increasing Christian presence in major urban centers shaped Paul's theological arguments. The Greco-Roman urban culture with diverse religious and philosophical influences would have shaped how the original audience understood grace. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Inscriptions from Corinth and Rome reveal the social dynamics and religious pluralism that shaped early Christian communities.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics