Matthew 4

The Temptation of Jesus

1 Then was Jesus led up of the SpiritSpirit: πνεῦμα (Pneuma). The Greek pneuma (πνεῦμα) means spirit, wind, or breath—the immaterial aspect of persons. The Holy Spirit (Pneuma Hagion) is the third person of the Trinity, dwelling in believers. into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil. Spirit: 1 Kings 18:12, Ezekiel 3:12, 3:14, 43:5, Acts 8:39, Romans 8:14. Parallel theme: Ezekiel 40:2, John 14:30, Hebrews 2:18 +4

2 And when he had fasted forty days and forty nights, he was afterward an hungred. Parallel theme: Exodus 24:18, 34:28, Deuteronomy 9:9, 9:18, 9:25, 18:18, 1 Kings 19:8, Mark 11:12, Luke 4:2, John 4:6 +5

3 And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally., command that these stones be made bread. Parallel theme: Matthew 3:17, 1 Thessalonians 3:5, Revelation 2:10

4 But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every wordWord: λόγος (Logos). The Greek Logos (Λόγος) means word, reason, or message—the rational principle underlying reality. John identifies Christ as the eternal Logos: 'In the beginning was the Word' (John 1:1). that proceedeth out of the mouth of God. References God: Matthew 4:7, Luke 4:8. Word: Deuteronomy 8:3, Luke 4:4, John 6:63, Romans 15:4, Ephesians 6:17. Parallel theme: Exodus 16:8, 16:15, 16:35 +5

5 Then the devil taketh him up into the holyHoly: ἅγιος (Hagios). The Greek hagios (ἅγιος) denotes holiness—moral purity and separation unto God. Believers are called 'saints' (hagioi), those set apart for God through Christ's sanctifying work. city, and setteth him on a pinnacle of the temple, Temple: Luke 4:9. Holy: Matthew 27:53, Isaiah 48:2, Revelation 11:2

6 And saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down: for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. References God: Matthew 4:4. Parallel theme: Job 1:10, 5:23, Psalms 34:7, 34:20, 2 Corinthians 11:14, Hebrews 1:14 +2

7 Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt the LordLord: Κύριος (Kurios). The Greek Kurios (Κύριος) means 'lord' or 'master,' used both for human masters and divinely for God the Father and Jesus Christ. Its application to Jesus affirms His deity, as it translates YHWH in the Septuagint. thy God. References God: Deuteronomy 6:16, Psalms 78:18, 78:41, Malachi 3:15. References Lord: Exodus 17:2, 17:7, Acts 5:9. Parallel theme: Psalms 95:9, 1 Corinthians 10:9, Hebrews 3:9 +5

8 Again, the devil taketh him up into an exceeding high mountain, and sheweth him all the kingdoms of the world, and the gloryGlory: δόξα (Doxa). The Greek doxa (δόξα) means glory, splendor, or magnificence—the radiant manifestation of God's perfection. Christ revealed the Father's glory: 'we beheld his glory' (John 1:14). of them; Kingdom: Esther 1:4, 5:11, Daniel 4:30, Revelation 11:15. Glory: 1 Peter 1:24. Parallel theme: Matthew 16:26

9 And saith unto him, All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Worship: Revelation 19:10. Parallel theme: Psalms 72:11, John 16:11, 2 Corinthians 4:4, 1 Timothy 3:6

10 Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally., and him only shalt thou serve. References God: Matthew 16:23, Deuteronomy 10:20, Joshua 24:14, 1 Samuel 7:3, Job 2:1, James 4:7. References Lord: Job 1:12. Worship: Luke 4:8. Parallel theme: 1 Chronicles 21:1, 1 Peter 5:9 +5

11 Then the devil leaveth him, and, behold, angels came and ministered unto him. Evil: Luke 4:13. Parallel theme: Matthew 4:6, 26:53, Mark 1:13, Luke 22:43, 22:53, John 14:30, Hebrews 1:6, 1:14 +4

Jesus Begins His Ministry

12 Now when Jesus had heard that John was cast into prison, he departed into Galilee; References Jesus: Mark 1:14, Luke 4:14. References John: Matthew 14:3, Mark 6:17, Luke 3:20, John 3:24

13 And leaving Nazareth, he came and dwelt in Capernaum, which is upon the sea coast, in the borders of Zabulon and Nephthalim: Parallel theme: Matthew 11:23, Mark 1:21, John 4:46, 6:24, 6:59

14 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophetProphet: προφήτης (Prophētēs). The Greek prophētēs (προφήτης) denotes a prophet—one who speaks forth God's message. Jesus was recognized as 'a prophet mighty in deed and word' (Luke 24:19), fulfilling and surpassing the prophetic office., saying, Prophecy: Matthew 1:22, 2:15, 2:23, 8:17, 26:56, Luke 24:44. Parallel theme: Matthew 26:54, Luke 22:37, John 15:25, 19:28 +5

15 The land of Zabulon, and the land of Nephthalim, by the way of the sea, beyond Jordan, Galilee of the Gentiles; Parallel theme: Isaiah 9:1

16 The people which sat in darkness saw great light; and to them which sat in the region and shadow of death light is sprung up. Light: Job 10:22, Isaiah 9:2, Jeremiah 13:16, Micah 7:8, Luke 2:32. Darkness: Job 3:5, 34:22, Amos 5:8. Parallel theme: Psalms 44:19 +4

17 From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of heavenHeaven: οὐρανός (Ouranos). The Greek ouranos (οὐρανός) denotes heaven—God's throne and the believer's eternal home. Jesus taught His disciples to pray 'Our Father which art in heaven' (Matthew 6:9) and promised to prepare a place there (John 14:2). is at hand. Kingdom: Matthew 3:2. Repentance: Matthew 9:13, Luke 5:32, 15:7, 15:10, 24:47, Acts 2:38, 3:19, 17:30, 26:20 +5

Jesus Calls the First Disciples

18 And Jesus, walking by the sea of Galilee, saw two brethren, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers. References Jesus: Matthew 15:29, John 6:1. References Peter: Matthew 10:2, 16:18, Luke 6:14

19 And he saith unto them, Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men. Parallel theme: Matthew 8:22, 9:9, 16:24, 19:21, Mark 2:14, Luke 5:27, 9:59, John 1:43, 12:26, 21:22 +5

20 And they straightway left their nets, and followed him. Parallel theme: Matthew 19:27, 1 Kings 19:21, Psalms 119:60

21 And going on from thence, he saw other two brethren, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in a ship with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and he called them. References John: Matthew 10:2, Mark 3:17, Acts 12:2. Parallel theme: John 21:2

22 And they immediately left the ship and their father, and followed him. Parallel theme: Matthew 10:37, Mark 1:20, Luke 14:26

23 And Jesus went about all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, and preaching the gospel of the kingdomKingdom: βασιλεία (Basileia). The Greek basileia (βασιλεία) means kingdom—both the realm ruled and the exercise of royal authority. The 'kingdom of God' is central to Jesus' teaching, representing God's saving rule breaking into history., and healing all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people. References Jesus: Luke 7:22, Acts 10:38. Kingdom: Matthew 9:35, Luke 8:1. Parallel theme: Matthew 11:5, 13:54, Psalms 103:3, Mark 1:21, 1:39, 6:2 +5

24 And his fame went throughout all Syria: and they brought unto him all sick people that were taken with divers diseases and torments, and those which were possessed with devils, and those which were lunatick, and those that had the palsy; and he healed them. Evil: Matthew 12:22, 15:22, 17:18, Mark 1:32, Acts 10:38. Parallel theme: Matthew 8:6, 17:15, Luke 2:2, 5:15, Acts 15:23 +5

25 And there followed him great multitudes of people from Galilee, and from Decapolis, and from Jerusalem, and from Judaea, and from beyond Jordan. References Jerusalem: Luke 6:17. Parallel theme: Mark 5:20, 7:31