Matthew 4:3

Authorized King James Version

And when the tempter came to him, he said, If thou be the Son of God, command that these stones be made bread.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
προσελθὼν
came
to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to
#3
αὐτῷ
to him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
πειράζων
when the tempter
to test (objectively), i.e., endeavor, scrutinize, entice, discipline
#6
εἰπὲ
command
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#7
Εἰ
If
if, whether, that, etc
#8
υἱὸς
the Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#9
εἶ
thou be
thou art
#10
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
Θεοῦ,
of God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#12
εἰπὲ
command
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#13
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#14
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#15
λίθοι
stones
a stone (literally or figuratively)
#16
οὗτοι
these
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#17
ἄρτοι
bread
bread (as raised) or a loaf
#18
γένωνται
be made
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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