Galatians 1

Greeting

1 Paul, an apostleApostle: ἀπόστολος (Apostolos). The Greek apostolos (ἀπόστολος) means apostle or sent one—an authorized messenger. The twelve apostles were chosen by Christ and empowered as His witnesses, laying the foundation of the church (Ephesians 2:20)., (not of men, neither by man, but by Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead;) References Jesus: Romans 1:1, 1 Corinthians 1:1, 2 Corinthians 1:1, 2 Timothy 1:1, Revelation 1:5. References Christ: Ephesians 3:8. Resurrection: Acts 9:6, 22:10, Romans 10:9. References God: Titus 1:3 +5

2 And all the brethren which are with me, unto the churches of Galatia: Parallel theme: Acts 18:23, 1 Corinthians 16:1, Philippians 2:22, 4:21

3 GraceGrace: χάρις (Charis). The Greek charis (χάρις) denotes unmerited divine favor—God's kindness toward the undeserving. Salvation is 'by grace through faith' (Ephesians 2:8), not human merit. be to you and peace from God the Father, and from our Lord Jesus Christ, Grace: 1 Corinthians 1:3, 2 Corinthians 13:14, Philippians 1:2, Colossians 1:2, 2 Thessalonians 1:2, 2 John 1:3

4 Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according to the will of God and our Father: References God: Galatians 2:20, Romans 12:2, 2 Corinthians 4:4, 1 Thessalonians 3:13. Sin: Titus 2:14, 1 Peter 2:24. Parallel theme: Matthew 20:28, Romans 4:25, Ephesians 2:2, 1 Timothy 2:6 +5

5 To whom be gloryGlory: δόξα (Doxa). The Greek doxa (δόξα) means glory, splendor, or magnificence—the radiant manifestation of God's perfection. Christ revealed the Father's glory: 'we beheld his glory' (John 1:14). for ever and ever. Amen. Glory: Psalms 72:19, Romans 11:36, Hebrews 13:21, Jude 1:25

No Other Gospel

6 I marvel that ye are so soon removed from him that called you into the grace of Christ unto another gospelGospel: εὐαγγέλιον (Euangelion). The Greek euangelion (εὐαγγέλιον) means good news or gospel—the message of salvation through Christ's death and resurrection. It's 'the power of God unto salvation' (Romans 1:16).: References Christ: 1 Corinthians 4:15, 2 Thessalonians 2:14. Grace: Galatians 5:4, Acts 15:11, 1 Timothy 1:14. Parallel theme: Psalms 106:13, Isaiah 29:13, Romans 10:3, 2 Corinthians 11:4, 1 Timothy 1:3 +5

7 Which is not another; but there be some that trouble you, and would pervert the gospel of Christ. References Christ: 2 Corinthians 2:17, 11:13. Parallel theme: Galatians 5:10, 5:12, Acts 15:24, 1 John 4:1, 2 John 1:10, Revelation 20:3 +3

8 But though we, or an angelAngel: ἄγγελος (Angelos). The Greek angelos (ἄγγελος) means angel or messenger. Angels announced Christ's birth (Luke 2:9-14), ministered to Him (Matthew 4:11), and will accompany His return (Matthew 25:31). from heaven, preach any other gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be accursed. Curse: Galatians 1:9, Matthew 25:41, Acts 23:14, Romans 9:3, 2 Peter 2:14. Parallel theme: 1 Corinthians 16:22

9 As we said before, so say I now again, If any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed. Parallel theme: Deuteronomy 4:2, Proverbs 30:6, Romans 16:17

10 For do I now persuade men, or GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally.? or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ. References Christ: Romans 1:1, Ephesians 6:6. References God: Matthew 22:16, Acts 5:29, Romans 2:29, Colossians 3:22, 1 Thessalonians 2:4, James 4:4, 1 John 3:9. Parallel theme: Romans 2:8 +5

Paul Called by God

11 But I certify you, brethren, that the gospelGospel: εὐαγγέλιον (Euangelion). The Greek euangelion (εὐαγγέλιον) means good news or gospel—the message of salvation through Christ's death and resurrection. It's 'the power of God unto salvation' (Romans 1:16). which was preached of me is not after man. Parallel theme: Galatians 1:1, Romans 2:16, 1 Corinthians 11:23

12 For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ. References Jesus: Galatians 1:1, 1 Corinthians 11:23. Parallel theme: Galatians 1:16, 1 Corinthians 2:10, 2 Corinthians 12:1

13 For ye have heard of my conversation in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, and wasted it: References God: 1 Corinthians 15:9. Parallel theme: Acts 8:1, 8:3, 9:21, 9:26, Philippians 3:6, 1 Timothy 1:13 +2

14 And profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in mine own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. Parallel theme: Jeremiah 9:14, Matthew 15:6, Acts 22:3, 26:5, 26:9, Colossians 2:8, 1 Peter 1:8 +2

15 But when it pleased GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally., who separated me from my mother's womb, and called me by his grace, References God: Isaiah 49:5, Romans 1:1, 1 Corinthians 1:9. Grace: 2 Timothy 1:9. Parallel theme: Isaiah 49:1, Jeremiah 1:5, Acts 9:15, 13:2, Romans 8:30, Ephesians 1:5 +5

16 To reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the heathen; immediately I conferred not with flesh and bloodBlood: αἷμα (Haima). The Greek haima (αἷμα) denotes blood. Christ's blood 'cleanseth us from all sin' (1 John 1:7), securing 'eternal redemption' (Hebrews 9:12) through His once-for-all sacrifice. Believers have been 'purchased with his own blood' (Acts 20:28).: Blood: Matthew 16:17

17 Neither went I up to Jerusalem to them which were apostles before me; but I went into Arabia, and returned again unto Damascus.

18 Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to see Peter, and abode with him fifteen days.

19 But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. References Lord: 1 Corinthians 9:5. Parallel theme: Matthew 10:3, 12:46, 13:55, Mark 6:3, Jude 1:1

20 Now the things which I write unto you, behold, before GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally., I lie not. References God: 2 Corinthians 11:31. Parallel theme: Romans 9:1

21 Afterwards I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia; Parallel theme: Acts 6:9, 9:30, 13:1, 15:23, 15:41

22 And was unknown by face unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ: References Christ: Romans 16:7, 1 Thessalonians 2:14

23 But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faithFaith: πίστις (Pistis). The Greek pistis (πίστις) denotes faith, belief, or trust—confidence in God's character and promises. It's both intellectual assent and relational trust, central to justification (Romans 5:1). which once he destroyed. Faith: Acts 6:7, 9:26. Parallel theme: Acts 9:13, 9:20

24 And they glorified God in me.