Galatians 1:23
But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Paul's transformation became legendary in early Christianity. Acts records his persecution in detail (7:58-8:3, 9:1-2), his conversion on Damascus road (9:3-9), and initial skepticism he encountered from believers (9:13-14, 26). The irony of the chief persecutor becoming chief apostle displayed God's grace and power. This encouraged believers facing persecution—if God could save Paul, no one was beyond reach. It also validated Paul's apostolic authority—his dramatic conversion authenticated his commission. Later opponents couldn't claim gradual theological evolution corrupted pure original gospel when Paul's transformation was instantaneous and complete.
Questions for Reflection
- In what ways does your personal testimony of God's transforming grace serve as irrefutable evidence of gospel truth?
- What past opposition to God or His people has He remarkably reversed in your life?
- Should the possibility of dramatic conversion like Paul's shape our prayers for Christianity's current opponents differently?
Analysis & Commentary
But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed. Though unknown by face, Paul was famous by reputation. "But they had heard only" (monon de akouontes ēsan, μόνον δὲ ἀκούοντες ἦσαν) uses imperfect periphrastic construction indicating continuous ongoing hearing—reports kept coming. Monon ("only") emphasizes they had reports but no personal contact.
"That he which persecuted us in times past" (hoti ho diōkōn hēmas pote)—Paul's reputation as persecutor was notorious. Pote ("formerly, once") distinguishes past from present. "Now preacheth the faith" (nun euangelizetai tēn pistin)—euangelizō means "proclaims good news." Pistis (πίστις) here means "the faith," objective body of doctrine, not merely subjective believing. Paul proclaims the very belief system he formerly attacked.
"Which once he destroyed" (hēn pote eporthei, ἣν ποτε ἐπόρθει)—portheō (πορθέω, same verb as 1:13) means "ravage, destroy, devastate" (military language). The dramatic reversal—from destroyer to proclaimer—testified to supernatural conversion. No natural progression or human influence explains such radical transformation. This ironclad testimony to divine intervention silenced accusations that Paul invented his gospel.