Revelation 18

Authorized King James Version

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The Fall of Babylon

1 And after these things I saw another angel come down from heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened with his gloryGlory: δόξα (Doxa). The Greek doxa (δόξα) means glory, splendor, or magnificence—the radiant manifestation of God's perfection. Christ revealed the Father's glory: 'we beheld his glory' (John 1:14).. Glory: Revelation 21:23, Ezekiel 43:2. Light: Luke 17:24. Parallel theme: Revelation 10:1, 17:1, 2 Thessalonians 2:8

2 And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spiritSpirit: πνεῦμα (Pneuma). The Greek pneuma (πνεῦμα) means spirit, wind, or breath—the immaterial aspect of persons. The Holy Spirit (Pneuma Hagion) is the third person of the Trinity, dwelling in believers., and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. References Babylon: Revelation 14:8, 16:19, 17:5, 18:10, 18:21, Jeremiah 51:8, 51:37. Parallel theme: Revelation 17:18, Isaiah 14:23 +4

3 For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies. Judgment: Revelation 14:8. Kingdom: Revelation 17:2, 18:9. Parallel theme: Revelation 18:23, Jeremiah 51:7

4 And I heard another voice from heavenHeaven: οὐρανός (Ouranos). The Greek ouranos (οὐρανός) denotes heaven—God's throne and the believer's eternal home. Jesus taught His disciples to pray 'Our Father which art in heaven' (Matthew 6:9) and promised to prepare a place there (John 14:2)., saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues. Sin: Isaiah 48:20, Jeremiah 51:6, 1 Timothy 5:22. Parallel theme: Psalms 50:18, Isaiah 52:11, Jeremiah 50:8, 51:45, 2 Corinthians 6:17, 2 John 1:11 +4

5 For her sins have reached unto heaven, and GodGod: Θεός (Theos). The Greek Theos (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally. hath remembered her iniquities. References God: Revelation 16:19, 2 Chronicles 28:9, Ezra 9:6. Parallel theme: Jeremiah 51:9, Jonah 1:2

6 Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double. Parallel theme: Revelation 14:10, 16:19, 17:4, Psalms 137:8, Jeremiah 16:18, 17:18, 50:15, 50:29, 51:24, Zechariah 9:12 +5

7 How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow. Parallel theme: Lamentations 1:1, Zephaniah 2:15

8 Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the LordLord: Κύριος (Kurios). The Greek Kurios (Κύριος) means 'lord' or 'master,' used both for human masters and divinely for God the Father and Jesus Christ. Its application to Jesus affirms His deity, as it translates YHWH in the Septuagint. God who judgeth her. References God: Jeremiah 50:31. References Lord: Jeremiah 50:34, 51:6, 51:58, 1 Corinthians 10:22. Parallel theme: Revelation 17:16, 17:18, 18:17, 18:19, 19:3 +5

Lament Over Babylon

9 And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her, shall bewail her, and lament for her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning, Kingdom: Revelation 17:2, 18:3, Jeremiah 50:46. Parallel theme: Revelation 14:11, 18:7, 18:18, 18:20, 19:3, Genesis 19:28 +4

10 Standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Alas, alas, that great city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgmentJudgment: κρίσις (Krisis). The Greek krisis (κρίσις) denotes judgment—evaluation and sentence. All will stand before God's judgment seat (Romans 14:10), and Christ has been appointed Judge of the living and dead (Acts 10:42). come. Judgment: Revelation 14:8, 18:8. References Babylon: Isaiah 21:9. Parallel theme: Revelation 17:12, 18:19, Numbers 16:34, Jeremiah 30:7, Joel 1:15, Amos 5:16 +4

11 And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any more: Parallel theme: Revelation 18:3, 18:9, 18:15, 18:20, 18:23, Isaiah 47:15, Zephaniah 1:11, 1:18 +3

12 The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all manner vessels of ivory, and all manner vessels of most precious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble, Parallel theme: Revelation 17:4

13 And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men. Parallel theme: Exodus 21:16, Deuteronomy 24:7, Nehemiah 5:8, Isaiah 50:1, Ezekiel 27:13, Amos 2:6, 1 Timothy 1:10, 2 Peter 2:3 +3

14 And the fruits that thy soul lusted after are departed from thee, and all things which were dainty and goodly are departed from thee, and thou shalt find them no more at all. Good: Luke 16:25. Parallel theme: Numbers 11:4, Psalms 106:14, Luke 12:20, 1 Corinthians 10:6, James 4:2

15 The merchants of these things, which were made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing, Parallel theme: Revelation 18:3, Ezekiel 27:31

16 And saying, Alas, alas, that great city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and precious stones, and pearls! Parallel theme: Revelation 17:4, 18:19

17 For in one hour so great riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off, Parallel theme: Revelation 17:16, 18:19, Isaiah 23:14, Jeremiah 51:8, Jonah 1:6

18 And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this great city! Parallel theme: Revelation 13:4

19 And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that great city, wherein were made rich all that had ships in the sea by reason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate. Parallel theme: Revelation 18:3, 18:8, 18:10, Joshua 7:6, 1 Samuel 4:12, 2 Samuel 13:19, Nehemiah 9:1, Job 2:12, Ezekiel 27:30 +4

20 Rejoice over her, thou heaven, and ye holy apostles and prophets; for God hath avenged you on her. Prophecy: Ephesians 2:20, 4:11. References God: Psalms 94:1. Holy: Revelation 6:10, 2 Peter 3:2. Parallel theme: Revelation 12:12, Psalms 58:10, Proverbs 11:10, Isaiah 26:21, 49:13 +5

21 And a mighty angelAngel: ἄγγελος (Angelos). The Greek angelos (ἄγγελος) means angel or messenger. Angels announced Christ's birth (Luke 2:9-14), ministered to Him (Matthew 4:11), and will accompany His return (Matthew 25:31). took up a stone like a great millstone, and cast it into the sea, saying, Thus with violence shall that great city Babylon be thrown down, and shall be found no more at all. Parallel theme: Revelation 5:2, 12:8, 16:20, 18:22, 20:11, Job 20:8, Ezekiel 26:21, Daniel 11:19 +3

22 And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee; Parallel theme: Jeremiah 7:34, 16:9, 25:10, Ezekiel 26:13

23 And the light of a candle shall shine no more at all in thee; and the voice of the bridegroom and of the bride shall be heard no more at all in thee: for thy merchants were the great men of the earth; for by thy sorceries were all nations deceived. Parallel theme: Revelation 17:2, 17:5, 18:3, 18:22, 21:8, 22:15, Isaiah 23:8, Jeremiah 7:34, 16:9, Nahum 3:4 +5

24 And in her was found the blood of prophets, and of saints, and of all that were slain upon the earth. Prophecy: Acts 7:52. Holy: Revelation 16:6, 17:6, Daniel 7:21. Blood: Revelation 19:2. Parallel theme: Revelation 11:7, Jeremiah 51:49, Matthew 23:27 +3