Jonah 1

Jonah Flees from the Lord

1 Now the wordWord: דָּבָר (Davar). The Hebrew davar (דָּבָר) means word, thing, or matter—God's creative and authoritative speech. 'By the word of the LORD were the heavens made' (Psalm 33:6). of the LORD came unto Jonah the son of Amittai, saying, Word: 2 Kings 14:25. Parallel theme: Matthew 16:4, Luke 11:32

2 Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me. Resurrection: Jonah 3:2. Parallel theme: Jonah 4:11, Genesis 10:11, 2 Kings 19:36, Isaiah 58:1, Nahum 1:1, Revelation 18:5 +2

3 But Jonah rose up to flee unto Tarshish from the presence of the LORDLord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai). When 'LORD' appears in small capitals, it represents the Tetragrammaton YHWH (יְהוָה), God's personal covenant name meaning 'I AM.' When 'Lord' appears normally, it's Adonai (אֲדֹנָי), meaning 'my Lord,' emphasizing sovereignty., and went down to Joppa; and he found a ship going to Tarshish: so he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with them unto Tarshish from the presence of the LORD. References Lord: Jonah 4:2, Genesis 4:16. Parallel theme: Joshua 19:46, 1 Kings 19:3, Isaiah 23:1, 23:6, 23:10, Acts 9:36, 9:43, 26:19 +5

The Great Storm

4 But the LORD sent out a great wind into the sea, and there was a mighty tempest in the sea, so that the ship was like to be broken. References Lord: Exodus 10:19, 14:21, Numbers 11:31, Amos 4:13. Parallel theme: Exodus 15:10, Psalms 135:7

5 Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his godGod: אֱלֹהִים (Elohim). The Hebrew Elohim (אֱלֹהִים) is a plural form denoting majesty and fullness of deity. Though grammatically plural, it takes singular verbs when referring to the one true God, suggesting the Trinity's plurality within unity., and cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep. References God: Isaiah 45:20, Jeremiah 2:28. Parallel theme: Judges 16:19, 1 Samuel 24:3, 1 Kings 18:26

6 So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him, What meanest thou, O sleeper? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not. Resurrection: Ephesians 5:14. References God: Jonah 3:9, 2 Samuel 12:22, Amos 5:15. Parallel theme: Acts 21:13

7 And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah. Parallel theme: Numbers 32:23, Joshua 7:10, Psalms 22:18, Proverbs 16:33, Matthew 27:35, Acts 13:19

8 Then said they unto him, Tell us, we pray thee, for whose cause this evil is upon us; What is thine occupation? and whence comest thou? what is thy country? and of what people art thou? Prayer: Joshua 7:19, James 5:16. Parallel theme: Genesis 47:3, 1 Samuel 14:43, 30:13

9 And he said unto them, I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heavenHeaven: שָׁמַיִם (Shamayim). The Hebrew shamayim (שָׁמַיִם) means heaven or sky—God's dwelling place and the realm above earth. 'The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD's' (Psalm 115:16), yet 'the heaven of heavens cannot contain Him' (1 Kings 8:27)., which hath made the sea and the dry land. References God: Ezra 1:2, Nehemiah 1:4, Psalms 136:26. References Lord: 2 Kings 17:25, 17:28. Creation: Nehemiah 9:6. Parallel theme: Genesis 14:13 +2

10 Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said unto him, Why hast thou done this? For the men knew that he fled from the presence of the LORDLord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai). When 'LORD' appears in small capitals, it represents the Tetragrammaton YHWH (יְהוָה), God's personal covenant name meaning 'I AM.' When 'Lord' appears normally, it's Adonai (אֲדֹנָי), meaning 'my Lord,' emphasizing sovereignty., because he had told them. References Lord: Jonah 1:3. Parallel theme: Job 27:22

11 Then said they unto him, What shall we do unto thee, that the sea may be calm unto us? for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous.

12 And he said unto them, Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm unto you: for I know that for my sake this great tempest is upon you. Parallel theme: Joshua 7:12, 2 Samuel 24:17, 1 Chronicles 21:17, Ecclesiastes 9:18, John 11:50, Acts 27:24

13 Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring it to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them. Parallel theme: Job 34:29, Proverbs 21:30

14 Wherefore they cried unto the LORD, and said, We beseech thee, O LORD, we beseech thee, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent bloodBlood: דָּם (Dam). The Hebrew dam (דָּם) means blood—representing life itself. 'The life of the flesh is in the blood' (Leviticus 17:11), and blood was required for atonement, foreshadowing Christ's sacrifice.: for thou, O LORD, hast done as it pleased thee. References Lord: Jonah 1:16, Psalms 107:28, 135:6. Blood: Deuteronomy 21:8. Parallel theme: Psalms 115:3, Matthew 11:26, Ephesians 1:11 +2

15 So they took up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging. Parallel theme: Psalms 89:9, 107:29, Luke 8:24

16 Then the men feared the LORDLord: יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי (YHWH / Adonai). When 'LORD' appears in small capitals, it represents the Tetragrammaton YHWH (יְהוָה), God's personal covenant name meaning 'I AM.' When 'Lord' appears normally, it's Adonai (אֲדֹנָי), meaning 'my Lord,' emphasizing sovereignty. exceedingly, and offered a sacrifice unto the LORD, and made vows. References Lord: Jonah 1:10, Psalms 116:14. Sacrifice: Genesis 8:20, 2 Kings 5:17, Psalms 107:22. Parallel theme: Psalms 50:14, Ecclesiastes 5:4, Isaiah 26:9, Mark 4:31, Acts 5:11 +5

17 Now the LORD had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights. References Lord: Jonah 4:6, Habakkuk 3:2. Parallel theme: Genesis 1:21, Matthew 12:40, 16:4, Luke 11:30