Jonah 1:7

Authorized King James Version

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And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ And they said H559
וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ And they said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 18
to say (used with great latitude)
אִ֣ישׁ every one H376
אִ֣ישׁ every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 2 of 18
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 18
near, with or among; often in general, to
רֵעֵ֗הוּ to his fellow H7453
רֵעֵ֗הוּ to his fellow
Strong's: H7453
Word #: 4 of 18
an associate (more or less close)
לְכוּ֙ H1980
לְכוּ֙
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 5 of 18
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast H5307
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 6 of 18
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot H1486
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot
Strong's: H1486
Word #: 7 of 18
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה that we may know H3045
וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה that we may know
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 8 of 18
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛י for whose cause H7945
בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛י for whose cause
Strong's: H7945
Word #: 9 of 18
on account of, whatsoever, whichsoever
הָרָעָ֥ה this evil H7451
הָרָעָ֥ה this evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 10 of 18
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
הַזֹּ֖את H2063
הַזֹּ֖את
Strong's: H2063
Word #: 11 of 18
this (often used adverb)
לָ֑נוּ H0
לָ֑נוּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 18
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast H5307
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 13 of 18
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot H1486
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot
Strong's: H1486
Word #: 14 of 18
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast H5307
וַיִּפֹּ֥ל and let us cast
Strong's: H5307
Word #: 15 of 18
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot H1486
הַגּוֹרָ֖ל and the lot
Strong's: H1486
Word #: 16 of 18
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 18
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
יוֹנָֽה׃ upon Jonah H3124
יוֹנָֽה׃ upon Jonah
Strong's: H3124
Word #: 18 of 18
jonah, an israelite

Analysis & Commentary

"And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil is upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah." Casting lots was common ancient practice for discerning divine will. Proverbs 16:33 states: "The lot is cast into the lap; but the whole disposing thereof is of the LORD." God sovereignly controlled the lots to identify Jonah. This demonstrates God's providential control over seemingly random events. There are no accidents in God's universe—He governs all things, even lot-casting, to accomplish His purposes (Ephesians 1:11). The sailors' method was pagan, but God used it to reveal truth. This teaches that God can communicate through various means, though Scripture is His primary and authoritative revelation.

Historical Context

Lots involved objects (stones, sticks, dice) cast or drawn to determine outcomes. Israel used Urim and Thummim (priestly lots—Exodus 28:30, Numbers 27:21) and cast lots to divide Canaan (Joshua 18:10), choose Saul (1 Samuel 10:20-21), and select Matthias (Acts 1:26). The New Testament church stopped this practice after Pentecost—the Spirit's indwelling provides direct guidance. The sailors' lots functioned as God intended, proving His sovereignty transcends human methods.

Questions for Reflection

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