Psalms 22:18

Authorized King James Version

They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יְחַלְּק֣וּ
They part
to be smooth (figuratively)
#2
בְגָדַ֣י
my garments
a covering, i.e., clothing
#3
לָהֶ֑ם
they (only used when emphatic)
#4
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
לְ֝בוּשִׁ֗י
upon my vesture
a garment (literally or figuratively); by implication (euphemistically) a wife
#6
יַפִּ֥ילוּ
among them and cast
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#7
גוֹרָֽל׃
lots
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)

Cross References

Related verses that illuminate this passage (hover to preview):

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection