Hebrews 4:1

Authorized King James Version

Let us therefore fear, lest, a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of you should seem to come short of it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Φοβηθῶμεν
Let us
to frighten, i.e., (passively) to be alarmed; by analogy, to be in awe of, i.e., revere
#2
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
μήποτε
lest
not ever; also if (or lest) ever (or perhaps)
#4
καταλειπομένης
being left
to leave down, i.e., behind; by implication, to abandon, have remaining
#5
ἐπαγγελίας
a promise
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
#6
εἰσελθεῖν
us of entering
to enter (literally or figuratively)
#7
εἰς
into
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#8
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
κατάπαυσιν
rest
reposing down, i.e., (by hebraism) abode
#10
αὐτοῦ
his
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#11
δοκῇ
should seem
compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)
#12
τις
any
some or any person or object
#13
ἐξ
of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#14
ὑμῶν
you
of (from or concerning) you
#15
ὑστερηκέναι
to come short of it
to be later, i.e., (by implication) to be inferior; generally, to fall short (be deficient)

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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