Numbers 14:2

Authorized King James Version

And all the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron: and the whole congregation said unto them, Would God that we had died in the land of Egypt! or would God we had died in this wilderness!

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּלֹּ֙נוּ֙
murmured
to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)
#2
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#3
מֹשֶׁ֣ה
against Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#4
וְעַֽל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
אַהֲרֹ֔ן
and against Aaron
aharon, the brother of moses
#6
כֹּ֖ל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#7
בְּנֵ֣י
And all the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#8
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#9
וַיֹּֽאמְר֨וּ
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
אֲלֵהֶ֜ם
near, with or among; often in general, to
#11
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#12
הָֽעֵדָ֗ה
and the whole congregation
a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)
#13
לוּ
or would God
a conditional particle; if; by implication (interj. as a wish) would that!
#14
מָֽתְנוּ׃
that we had died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#15
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#16
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#17
א֛וֹ
desire (and so probably in proverbs 31:4); hence (by way of alternative) or, also if
#18
בַּמִּדְבָּ֥ר
in this wilderness
a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert
#19
הַזֶּ֖ה
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#20
לוּ
or would God
a conditional particle; if; by implication (interj. as a wish) would that!
#21
מָֽתְנוּ׃
that we had died
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Analysis

Within the broader context of Numbers, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Numbers.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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