Matthew 26:31

Authorized King James Version

Then saith Jesus unto them, All ye shall be offended because of me this night: for it is written, I will smite the shepherd, and the sheep of the flock shall be scattered abroad.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Τότε
Then
the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)
#2
λέγει
saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#3
αὐτοῖς
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#4
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#6
Πάντες
All
all, any, every, the whole
#7
ὑμεῖς
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#8
σκανδαλισθήσεσθε
shall be offended
to entrap, i.e., trip up (figuratively, stumble (transitively) or entice to sin, apostasy or displeasure)
#9
ἐν
because
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#10
ἐμοὶ
to me
#11
ἐν
because
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#12
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
νυκτὶ
night
"night" (literally or figuratively)
#14
ταύτῃ·
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#15
γέγραπται
it is written
to "grave", especially to write; figuratively, to describe
#16
γάρ,
for
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#17
Πατάξω
I will smite
to knock (gently or with a weapon or fatally)
#18
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
ποιμένα
the shepherd
a shepherd (literally or figuratively)
#20
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#21
διασκορπισθήσεται
shall be scattered abroad
to dissipate, i.e., (genitive case) to rout or separate; specially, to winnow; figuratively, to squander
#22
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#23
πρόβατα
the sheep
something that walks forward (a quadruped), i.e., (specially), a sheep (literally or figuratively)
#24
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#25
ποίμνης
of the flock
a flock (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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