Isaiah 53:10

Authorized King James Version

Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יְהוָ֖ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#2
חָפֵ֤ץ
Yet it pleased
properly, to incline to; by implication (literally but rarely) to bend; figuratively, to be pleased with, desire
#3
דַּכְּאוֹ֙
to bruise
to crumble; transitively, to bruise (literally or figuratively)
#4
הֶֽחֱלִ֔י
him he hath put him to grief
properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to stroke (in flattering), entreat
#5
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#6
תָּשִׂ֤ים
when thou shalt make
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#7
אָשָׁם֙
an offering for sin
guilt; by implication, a fault; also a sin-offering
#8
נַפְשׁ֔וֹ
his soul
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#9
יִרְאֶ֥ה
he shall see
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#10
זֶ֖רַע
his seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#11
יַאֲרִ֣יךְ
he shall prolong
to be (causative, make) long (literally or figuratively)
#12
יָמִ֑ים
his days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#13
וְחֵ֥פֶץ
and the pleasure
pleasure; hence (abstractly) desire; concretely, a valuable thing; hence (by extension) a matter (as something in mind)
#14
יְהוָ֖ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#15
בְּיָד֥וֹ
in his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#16
יִצְלָֽח׃
shall prosper
to push forward, in various senses (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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