James 1:26

Authorized King James Version

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If any man among you seem to be religious, and bridleth not his tongue, but deceiveth his own heart, this man's religion is vain.

Original Language Analysis

Εἴ G1487
Εἴ
Strong's: G1487
Word #: 1 of 19
if, whether, that, etc
τις G5100
τις
Strong's: G5100
Word #: 2 of 19
some or any person or object
δοκεῖ seem G1380
δοκεῖ seem
Strong's: G1380
Word #: 3 of 19
compare the base of g1166) of the same meaning; to think; by implication, to seem (truthfully or uncertainly)
θρησκὸς religious G2357
θρησκὸς religious
Strong's: G2357
Word #: 4 of 19
ceremonious in worship (as demonstrative), i.e., pious
εἶναι to be G1511
εἶναι to be
Strong's: G1511
Word #: 5 of 19
to exist
ἐν among G1722
ἐν among
Strong's: G1722
Word #: 6 of 19
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
ὑμῖν, you G5213
ὑμῖν, you
Strong's: G5213
Word #: 7 of 19
to (with or by) you
μὴ not G3361
μὴ not
Strong's: G3361
Word #: 8 of 19
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
χαλιναγωγῶν and bridleth G5468
χαλιναγωγῶν and bridleth
Strong's: G5468
Word #: 9 of 19
to be a bit-leader, i.e., to curb (figuratively)
γλῶσσαν tongue G1100
γλῶσσαν tongue
Strong's: G1100
Word #: 10 of 19
the tongue; by implication, a language (specially, one naturally unacquired)
αὐτοῦ G846
αὐτοῦ
Strong's: G846
Word #: 11 of 19
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἀλλ' but G235
ἀλλ' but
Strong's: G235
Word #: 12 of 19
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
ἀπατῶν deceiveth G538
ἀπατῶν deceiveth
Strong's: G538
Word #: 13 of 19
to cheat, i.e., delude
καρδίαν heart G2588
καρδίαν heart
Strong's: G2588
Word #: 14 of 19
the heart, i.e., (figuratively) the thoughts or feelings (mind); also (by analogy) the middle
αὐτοῦ G846
αὐτοῦ
Strong's: G846
Word #: 15 of 19
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
τούτου this man's G5127
τούτου this man's
Strong's: G5127
Word #: 16 of 19
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)
μάταιος is vain G3152
μάταιος is vain
Strong's: G3152
Word #: 17 of 19
empty, i.e., (literally) profitless, or (specially), an idol
ἡ G3588
ἡ
Strong's: G3588
Word #: 18 of 19
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
θρησκεία religion G2356
θρησκεία religion
Strong's: G2356
Word #: 19 of 19
ceremonial observance

Analysis & Commentary

If any man among you seem to be religious, and bridleth not his tongue, but deceiveth his own heart, this man's religion is vain. One who thinks himself religious (thrēskos, θρῆσκος) yet does not bridle (chalinagōgō, χαλιναγωγῶ) his tongue deceives (apatōn, ἀπατῶν) his heart; such religion is vain (mataios, μάταιος). James connects speech with authentic worship. Religious rituals devoid of controlled speech betray self-deception.

Reformed piety insists that orthodoxy must produce orthopraxy—especially in speech. The tongue reveals the heart; unchecked words undermine prayers, sacraments, and service. This prepares for the extended treatment of the tongue in chapter 3.

Historical Context

Diaspora congregations faced slander, gossip, and divisive teaching. James, as Jerusalem's overseer, knew that reckless words destroy communities faster than persecution. His warning parallels Paul's insistence that love is more than tongues or prophecy (1 Corinthians 13).

Jewish worship involved liturgy, fasting, and feast participation; James redefines acceptable worship as including ethical speech. This would challenge those who prided themselves on rituals yet harmed fellow believers with their words.

Questions for Reflection

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