Genesis 28:13

Authorized King James Version

And, behold, the LORD stood above it, and said, I am the LORD God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac: the land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהִנֵּ֨ה
lo!
#2
יְהוָ֗ה
And behold the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
נִצָּ֣ב
stood
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#4
עָלָיו֮
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
וַיֹּאמַר֒
above it and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
אֲנִ֣י
i
#7
יְהוָ֗ה
And behold the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
וֵֽאלֹהֵ֖י
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#9
אַבְרָהָ֣ם
H85
of Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#10
אָבִ֔יךָ
H1
thy father
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#11
וֵֽאלֹהֵ֖י
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#12
יִצְחָ֑ק
of Isaac
jitschak (or isaac), son of abraham
#13
הָאָ֗רֶץ
the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#14
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#15
אַתָּה֙
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#16
שֹׁכֵ֣ב
whereon thou liest
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
#17
עָלֶ֔יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
לְךָ֥
H0
#19
אֶתְּנֶ֖נָּה
to thee will I give it
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#20
וּלְזַרְעֶֽךָ׃
and to thy seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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