Matthew 22:32

Authorized King James Version

I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἐγώ
I
i, me
#2
εἰμι
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#3
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#5
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
of Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#6
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
Θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#9
Ἰσαὰκ
of Isaac
isaac (i.e., jitschak), the son of abraham
#10
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
Θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#13
Ἰακώβ.
of Jacob
jacob (i.e., ja`akob), the progenitor of the israelites
#14
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#15
ἔστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
Θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#18
Θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#19
νεκρῶν
of the dead
dead (literally or figuratively; also as noun)
#20
ἀλλὰ
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#21
ζώντων
of the living
to live (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Matthew. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within gospel presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Jewish Messianic hope to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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