Psalms 86:16

Authorized King James Version

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O turn unto me, and have mercy upon me; give thy strength unto thy servant, and save the son of thine handmaid.

Original Language Analysis

פְּנֵ֥ה O turn H6437
פְּנֵ֥ה O turn
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 1 of 9
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
אֵלַ֗י H413
אֵלַ֗י
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 9
near, with or among; often in general, to
וְחָ֫נֵּ֥נִי unto me and have mercy H2603
וְחָ֫נֵּ֥נִי unto me and have mercy
Strong's: H2603
Word #: 3 of 9
properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)
תְּנָֽה upon me give H5414
תְּנָֽה upon me give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 4 of 9
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
עֻזְּךָ֥ thy strength H5797
עֻזְּךָ֥ thy strength
Strong's: H5797
Word #: 5 of 9
strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
לְעַבְדֶּ֑ךָ unto thy servant H5650
לְעַבְדֶּ֑ךָ unto thy servant
Strong's: H5650
Word #: 6 of 9
a servant
וְ֝הוֹשִׁ֗יעָה and save H3467
וְ֝הוֹשִׁ֗יעָה and save
Strong's: H3467
Word #: 7 of 9
properly, to be open, wide or free, i.e., (by implication) to be safe; causatively, to free or succor
לְבֶן the son H1121
לְבֶן the son
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 9
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃ of thine handmaid H519
אֲמָתֶֽךָ׃ of thine handmaid
Strong's: H519
Word #: 9 of 9
a maid-servant or female slave

Analysis & Commentary

O turn unto me, and have mercy upon me (פְּנֵה־אֵלַי וְחָנֵּנִי, peneh-elai ve-channeni)—Panah means turn, face toward; chanan means show favor, be gracious, have mercy. Give thy strength unto thy servant (תְּנָה־עֻזְּךָ לְעַבְדֶּךָ, tenah-uzzkha le-avdekha)—Oz means strength, power, might. And save the son of thine handmaid (וְהוֹשִׁיעָה לְבֶן־אֲמָתֶךָ, ve-hoshi'ah le-ven-amatekha)—Yasha means save, deliver; "son of your handmaid" means a homeborn servant, one belonging to the household by birth.

David uses three petitions: turn toward me, give strength, save me. The final phrase "son of thine handmaid" emphasizes belonging—David isn't a stranger asking favors but a household member by birth right. This prefigures Christian adoption language (Romans 8:15-17, Galatians 4:4-7). We approach God not as outsiders but as family.

Historical Context

In ancient households, children born to a master's servants belonged to the household permanently, unlike hired workers or slaves who might be released. David uses this imagery to claim covenant relationship with God—he's not a hired hand but family.

Questions for Reflection