Psalms 16:4

Authorized King James Version

Their sorrows shall be multiplied that hasten after another god: their drink offerings of blood will I not offer, nor take up their names into my lips.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יִרְבּ֥וּ
shall be multiplied
to increase (in whatever respect)
#2
עַצְּבוֹתָם֮
Their sorrows
a idol; also, a pain or wound
#3
אַחֵ֪ר
after another
properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc
#4
מָ֫הָ֥רוּ
that hasten
properly, to be liquid or flow easily, i.e., (by implication)
#5
וּֽבַל
nor
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
#6
אַסִּ֣יךְ
will I not offer
to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king
#7
נִסְכֵּיהֶ֣ם
god their drink offerings
a libation; also a cast idol
#8
מִדָּ֑ם
of blood
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshe
#9
וּֽבַל
nor
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
#10
אֶשָּׂ֥א
take up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#11
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#12
שְׁ֝מוֹתָ֗ם
their names
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#13
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
שְׂפָתָֽי׃
into my lips
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection