Lamentations 2:16

Authorized King James Version

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All thine enemies have opened their mouth against thee: they hiss and gnash the teeth: they say, We have swallowed her up: certainly this is the day that we looked for; we have found, we have seen it.

Original Language Analysis

פָּצ֨וּ have opened H6475
פָּצ֨וּ have opened
Strong's: H6475
Word #: 1 of 16
to rend, i.e., open (especially the mouth)
עָלַ֤יִךְ H5921
עָלַ֤יִךְ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 2 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
פִּיהֶם֙ their mouth H6310
פִּיהֶם֙ their mouth
Strong's: H6310
Word #: 3 of 16
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 4 of 16
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֹ֣יְבַ֔יִךְ All thine enemies H341
אֹ֣יְבַ֔יִךְ All thine enemies
Strong's: H341
Word #: 5 of 16
hating; an adversary
שָֽׁרְקוּ֙ against thee they hiss H8319
שָֽׁרְקוּ֙ against thee they hiss
Strong's: H8319
Word #: 6 of 16
properly, to be shrill, i.e., to whistle or hiss (as a call or in scorn)
וַיַּֽחַרְקוּ and gnash H2786
וַיַּֽחַרְקוּ and gnash
Strong's: H2786
Word #: 7 of 16
to grate the teeth
שֵׁ֔ן the teeth H8127
שֵׁ֔ן the teeth
Strong's: H8127
Word #: 8 of 16
a tooth (as sharp); specifically ivory; figuratively, a cliff
אָמְר֖וּ they say H559
אָמְר֖וּ they say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 9 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
בִּלָּ֑עְנוּ We have swallowed her up H1104
בִּלָּ֑עְנוּ We have swallowed her up
Strong's: H1104
Word #: 10 of 16
to make away with (specifically by swallowing); generally, to destroy
אַ֣ךְ certainly H389
אַ֣ךְ certainly
Strong's: H389
Word #: 11 of 16
a particle of affirmation, surely; hence (by limitation) only
זֶ֥ה H2088
זֶ֥ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 12 of 16
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
הַיּ֛וֹם this is the day H3117
הַיּ֛וֹם this is the day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 13 of 16
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
שֶׁקִּוִּינֻ֖הוּ that we looked for H6960
שֶׁקִּוִּינֻ֖הוּ that we looked for
Strong's: H6960
Word #: 14 of 16
to bind together (perhaps by twisting), i.e., collect; (figuratively) to expect
מָצָ֥אנוּ we have found H4672
מָצָ֥אנוּ we have found
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 15 of 16
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
רָאִֽינוּ׃ we have seen H7200
רָאִֽינוּ׃ we have seen
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 16 of 16
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

Analysis & Commentary

Enemies mock openly: "All thine enemies have opened their mouth against thee" (patsu aleikh pihem kol-oyevaikh). The phrase "opened their mouth" (patsu pihem) describes wide-mouthed derision and taunting (Job 16:10, Psalm 22:13, 35:21). "They hiss and gnash the teeth" (sharku vayachreku-shen)—hissing expresses contempt (Job 27:23, Jeremiah 19:8), gnashing teeth shows rage (Psalm 35:16, 37:12, Acts 7:54). "They say, We have swallowed her up" (amru bi'anu). The verb bala (בָּלַע, "swallowed") appears in verses 2, 5—now enemies claim credit for what God did. "Certainly this is the day that we looked for; we have found, we have seen it" (akh zeh ha-yom shekivinu metsanuhu ra'inu). Enemies celebrate Jerusalem's fall as vindication. This illustrates that while God uses human agents in judgment, they act from wicked motives. God works His purposes through even sinful human actions.

Historical Context

Psalm 137:7 records Edom's mockery: 'Remember, O LORD, the children of Edom in the day of Jerusalem; who said, Rase it, rase it, even to the foundation thereof.' Obadiah 1:12 condemns: 'thou shouldest not have looked on the day of thy brother in the day that he became a stranger; neither shouldest thou have rejoiced over the children of Judah in the day of their destruction.' Archaeological evidence suggests Edom may have actively aided Babylon. The phrase 'We have swallowed her up' reveals that enemies saw themselves as victorious powers, not recognizing God's sovereignty. Yet Jeremiah 50-51 and Isaiah 13-14 promise Babylon's eventual destruction. Ezekiel 25-26 pronounces judgment on nations that mocked Judah. God uses wicked nations to judge His people, then judges those nations for their wickedness (Habakkuk 1:5-11, 2:6-20).

Questions for Reflection