John 8:39

Authorized King James Version

They answered and said unto him, Abraham is our father. Jesus saith unto them, If ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἀπεκρίθησαν
They answered
to conclude for oneself, i.e., (by implication) to respond; by hebraism (compare h6030) to begin to speak (where an address is expected)
#2
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#3
εἶπον
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#4
αὐτοῖς
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#5
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
πατὴρ
father
a "father" (literally or figuratively, near or more remote)
#7
ἡμῶν
our
of (or from) us
#8
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#9
ἐστιν
is
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#10
λέγει
saith
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#11
αὐτοῖς
unto him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#14
Εἰ
If
if, whether, that, etc
#15
τέκνα
children
a child (as produced)
#16
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#18
ἦτε,
ye were
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#19
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
ἔργα
the works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#21
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#23
ἐποιεῖτε
ye would do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#24
ἄν
whatsoever

Analysis

Within the broader context of John, this passage highlights divine love through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of John.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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