Romans 9:7

Authorized King James Version

Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὐδ᾽
Neither
not however, i.e., neither, nor, not even
#2
ὅτι
because
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#3
εἰσὶν
they are
they are
#4
σπέρμα
seed
something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)
#5
Ἀβραάμ
G11
of Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#6
πάντες
are they all
all, any, every, the whole
#7
τέκνα
children
a child (as produced)
#8
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#9
Ἐν
In
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#10
Ἰσαὰκ
Isaac
isaac (i.e., jitschak), the son of abraham
#11
κληθήσεταί
be called
to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
#12
σοι
thy
to thee
#13
σπέρμα
seed
something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the early imperial period under Nero (c. 57 CE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Roman Empire at its height, with sophisticated legal systems, diverse religious practices, and increasing Christian presence in major urban centers shaped Paul's theological arguments. The Greco-Roman urban culture with diverse religious and philosophical influences would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Inscriptions from Corinth and Rome reveal the social dynamics and religious pluralism that shaped early Christian communities.

Questions for Reflection

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