Romans 9:8

Authorized King James Version

That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the children of the promise are counted for the seed.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τοῦτ'
that thing
#2
ἔστιν
he (she or it) is; also (with neuter plural) they are
#3
οὐ
are not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#4
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
τέκνα
is They which are the children
a child (as produced)
#6
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
σαρκὸς
of the flesh
flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e., (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or
#8
ταῦτα
these
these things
#9
τέκνα
is They which are the children
a child (as produced)
#10
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
θεοῦ
of God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#12
ἀλλὰ
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#13
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
τέκνα
is They which are the children
a child (as produced)
#15
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἐπαγγελίας
of the promise
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
#17
λογίζεται
are counted
to take an inventory, i.e., estimate (literally or figuratively)
#18
εἰς
for
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#19
σπέρμα
the seed
something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Romans. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects justification by faith as the foundation of Christian hope. The divine name or title here functions within systematic theological exposition of the gospel to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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