John 3:2

Authorized King James Version

The same came to Jesus by night, and said unto him, Rabbi, we know that thou art a teacher come from God: for no man can do these miracles that thou doest, except God be with him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὗτος
The same
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#2
ἐλήλυθας
came
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#3
πρὸς
to
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#4
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#6
νυκτὸς
by night
"night" (literally or figuratively)
#7
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#8
εἶπεν
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#9
αὐτοῦ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
Ῥαββί
Rabbi
my master, i.e rabbi, as an official title of honor
#11
οἴδαμεν
we know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#12
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#13
ἀπὸ
from
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#14
θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#15
ἐλήλυθας
came
to come or go (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#16
διδάσκαλος·
a teacher
an instructor (genitive case or specially)
#17
οὐδεὶς
no man
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing
#18
γὰρ
for
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#19
ταῦτα
these
these things
#20
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#21
σημεῖα
miracles
an indication, especially ceremonially or supernaturally
#22
δύναται
can
to be able or possible
#23
ποιεῖς
do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#24
that
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#25
σὺ
thou
thou
#26
ποιεῖς
do
to make or do (in a very wide application, more or less direct)
#27
ἐὰν
a conditional particle; in case that, provided, etc.; often used in connection with other particles to denote indefiniteness or uncertainty
#28
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#29
be
(may, might, can, could, would, should, must, etc.; also with g1487 and its comparative, as well as with other particles) be
#30
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#31
θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#32
μετ'
with
properly, denoting accompaniment; "amid" (local or causal); modified variously according to the case (genitive association, or accusative succession)
#33
αὐτοῦ
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The divine name or title here functions within theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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