Genesis 21:9

Authorized King James Version

And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֵּ֨רֶא
saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#2
שָׂרָ֜ה
And Sarah
sarah, abraham's wife
#3
אֶֽת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
בֶּן
the son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#5
הָגָ֧ר
of Hagar
hagar, the mother of ishmael
#6
הַמִּצְרִ֛ית
the Egyptian
a mitsrite, or inhabitant of mitsrajim
#7
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#8
יָֽלְדָ֥ה
which she had born
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#9
לְאַבְרָהָ֖ם
H85
unto Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#10
מְצַחֵֽק׃
mocking
to laugh outright (in merriment or scorn); by implication, to sport

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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