Galatians 4:29

Authorized King James Version

But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

Word-by-Word Analysis

ἀλλ'

G235

But

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

ὥσπερ

G5618

just as, i.e., exactly like

τότε

G5119

then

the when, i.e., at the time that (of the past or future, also in consecution)

ὁ

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κατὰ

G2596

after

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

σάρκα

G4561

the flesh

flesh (as stripped of the skin), i.e., (strictly) the meat of an animal (as food), or (by extension) the body (as opposed to the soul (or spirit), or

γεννηθεὶς

G1080

he that was born

to procreate (properly, of the father, but by extension of the mother); figuratively, to regenerate

ἐδίωκεν

G1377

persecuted

compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute

τὸν

G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

#10

κατὰ

G2596

after

(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)

#11

πνεῦμα

G4151

the Spirit

a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin

#12

οὕτως

G3779

in this way (referring to what precedes or follows)

#13

καὶ

G2532

even

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

#14

νῦν

G3568

it is now

"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Galatians. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

How does this verse's literary context within Galatians chapter 4 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
In what ways does this verse's emphasis on divine revelation address religious pluralism and questions about the necessity of Christ, and how should the church respond?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?