Genesis 16:1

Authorized King James Version

Now Sarai Abram's wife bare him no children: and she had an handmaid, an Egyptian, whose name was Hagar.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְשָׂרַי֙
Now Sarai
sarai, the wife of abraham
#2
אֵ֣שֶׁת
wife
a woman
#3
אַבְרָ֔ם
H87
Abram's
abram, the original name of abraham
#4
לֹ֥א
him no
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#5
יָֽלְדָ֖ה
bare
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#6
ל֑וֹ
H0
#7
וְלָ֛הּ
H0
#8
שִׁפְחָ֥ה
and she had an handmaid
a female slave (as a member of the household)
#9
מִצְרִ֖ית
an Egyptian
a mitsrite, or inhabitant of mitsrajim
#10
וּשְׁמָ֥הּ
whose name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#11
הָגָֽר׃
was Hagar
hagar, the mother of ishmael

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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