Genesis 21:10

Authorized King James Version

Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, even with Isaac.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙
Wherefore she said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
לְאַבְרָהָ֔ם
H85
unto Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#3
גָּרֵ֛שׁ
Cast out
to drive out from a possession; especially to expatriate or divorce
#4
הָֽאָמָ֣ה
of this bondwoman
a maid-servant or female slave
#5
הַזֹּ֖את
this (often used adverb)
#6
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
בְּנִ֖י
and her son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#8
כִּ֣י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
לֹ֤א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
יִירַשׁ֙
shall not be heir
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
#11
בְּנִ֖י
and her son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#12
הָֽאָמָ֣ה
of this bondwoman
a maid-servant or female slave
#13
הַזֹּ֔את
this (often used adverb)
#14
עִם
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#15
בְּנִ֖י
and her son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#16
עִם
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
#17
יִצְחָֽק׃
even with Isaac
jitschak (or isaac), son of abraham

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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