Genesis 17:19

Authorized King James Version

And God said, Sarah thy wife shall bear thee a son indeed; and thou shalt call his name Isaac: and I will establish my covenant with him for an everlasting covenant, and with his seed after him.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֱלֹהִ֗ים
And God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#3
אֲבָל֙
H61
indeed
nay, i.e., truly or yet
#4
שָׂרָ֣ה
Sarah
sarah, abraham's wife
#5
אִשְׁתְּךָ֗
thy wife
a woman
#6
יֹלֶ֤דֶת
shall bear
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#7
לְךָ֙
H0
#8
בֵּ֔ן
thee a son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#9
וְקָרָ֥אתָ
and thou shalt call
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#10
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
שְׁמ֖וֹ
his name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#12
יִצְחָ֑ק
Isaac
jitschak (or isaac), son of abraham
#13
וַהֲקִֽמֹתִ֨י
and I will establish
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#14
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
לִבְרִ֥ית
covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#16
אִתּ֛וֹ
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#17
לִבְרִ֥ית
covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#18
עוֹלָ֖ם
with him for an everlasting
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#19
לְזַרְע֥וֹ
and with his seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#20
אַֽחֲרָֽיו׃
after him
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of covenant reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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