Genesis 17:18

Authorized King James Version

And Abraham said unto God, O that Ishmael might live before thee!

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אַבְרָהָ֖ם
H85
And Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֑ים
unto God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#5
ל֥וּ
O that
a conditional particle; if; by implication (interj. as a wish) would that!
#6
יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל
Ishmael
jishmael, the name of abraham's oldest son, and of five israelites
#7
יִֽחְיֶ֥ה
might live
to live, whether literally or figuratively; causatively, to revive
#8
לְפָנֶֽיךָ׃
before thee
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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