Galatians 3:18

Authorized King James Version

For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#2
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#3
ἐξ
be of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#4
νόμου
the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#5
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
κληρονομία
the inheritance
heirship, i.e., (concretely) a patrimony or (genitive case) a possession
#7
οὐκέτι
not yet, no longer
#8
ἐξ
be of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#9
ἐπαγγελίας
promise
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
#10
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#12
Ἀβραὰμ
G11
it to Abraham
abraham, the hebrew patriarch
#13
δι'
by
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#14
ἐπαγγελίας
promise
an announcement (for information, assent or pledge; especially a divine assurance of good)
#15
κεχάρισται
gave
to grant as a favor, i.e., gratuitously, in kindness, pardon or rescue
#16
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
θεός
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Galatians. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection