Romans 8:17
And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ; if so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together.
Original Language Analysis
καὶ
also
G2532
καὶ
also
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
4 of 16
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
κληρονόμοι
heirs
G2818
κληρονόμοι
heirs
Strong's:
G2818
Word #:
5 of 16
a sharer by lot, i.e., inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
κληρονόμοι
heirs
G2818
κληρονόμοι
heirs
Strong's:
G2818
Word #:
6 of 16
a sharer by lot, i.e., inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
μὲν
of God
G3303
μὲν
of God
Strong's:
G3303
Word #:
7 of 16
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
θεοῦ
G2316
θεοῦ
Strong's:
G2316
Word #:
8 of 16
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
συγκληρονόμοι
joint-heirs
G4789
συγκληρονόμοι
joint-heirs
Strong's:
G4789
Word #:
9 of 16
a co-heir, i.e., (by analogy) participant in common
Χριστοῦ
with Christ
G5547
Χριστοῦ
with Christ
Strong's:
G5547
Word #:
11 of 16
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
συμπάσχομεν
that we suffer with
G4841
συμπάσχομεν
that we suffer with
Strong's:
G4841
Word #:
13 of 16
to experience pain jointly or of the same kind (specially, persecution; to "sympathize")
Cross References
Galatians 4:7Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.Galatians 3:29And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise.Ephesians 3:6That the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel:Revelation 21:7He that overcometh shall inherit all things; and I will be his God, and he shall be my son.1 Peter 4:13But rejoice, inasmuch as ye are partakers of Christ's sufferings; that, when his glory shall be revealed, ye may be glad also with exceeding joy.1 Peter 1:4To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you,Titus 3:7That being justified by his grace, we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life.Hebrews 6:17Wherein God, willing more abundantly to shew unto the heirs of promise the immutability of his counsel, confirmed it by an oath:John 17:24Father, I will that they also, whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am; that they may behold my glory, which thou hast given me: for thou lovedst me before the foundation of the world.James 2:5Hearken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God chosen the poor of this world rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which he hath promised to them that love him?
Historical Context
The Roman world offered glory through military conquest, political power, or philosophical achievement. Christianity offered glory through suffering—a scandal to Roman values. Early martyrs embodied this: suffering for Christ brought eschatological glory. Tertullian wrote, "The blood of the martyrs is the seed of the church."
Questions for Reflection
- What does it mean to be "joint-heirs with Christ"—how does this surpass all earthly inheritances?
- How does suffering with Christ differ from mere hardship or persecution for other reasons?
- How does the certainty of future glorification sustain you through present suffering?
Related Resources
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Analysis & Commentary
And if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ (ei tekna, kai klēronomoi; klēronomoi men theou, sugklēronomoi de Christou)—The logic is inexorable: children means heirs. Klēronomoi refers to legal inheritance rights. Believers are theou klēronomoi (God's heirs), inheriting not created blessings merely but God Himself as infinite treasure (Psalm 16:5; 73:25-26). Sugklēronomoi de Christou ("joint-heirs with Christ") is staggering: we inherit with Christ, sharing His inheritance—glory, honor, kingdom (Revelation 3:21; 21:7).
If so be that we suffer with him, that we may be also glorified together (eiper sumpaskhomen hina kai sundoxasthōmen)—The eiper clause assumes the condition is met: suffering with Christ is the path to glory with Christ. Sumpaskhō ("suffer with") and sundoxazō ("glorified together") use the sun- prefix ("with"), emphasizing union with Christ in both suffering and splendor. This isn't earning salvation but experiencing the pattern: cross before crown (Luke 24:26; Acts 14:22; 2 Timothy 2:12).