James 2:5

Authorized King James Version

Hearken, my beloved brethren, Hath not God chosen the poor of this world rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which he hath promised to them that love him?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἀκούσατε
Hearken
to hear (in various senses)
#2
ἀδελφοί
G80
brethren
a brother (literally or figuratively) near or remote (much like g0001)
#3
μου
my
of me
#4
ἀγαπητοί·
G27
beloved
beloved
#5
οὐχ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
θεὸς
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#8
ἐξελέξατο
Hath
to select
#9
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
πτωχοὺς
the poor
akin to g4422 and the alternate of g4098); a beggar (as cringing), i.e., pauper (strictly denoting absolute or public mendicancy, although also used i
#11
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
κόσμου
world
orderly arrangement, i.e., decoration; by implication, the world (including its inhabitants, literally or figuratively (morally))
#13
τούτου,
of this
of (from or concerning) this (person or thing)
#14
πλουσίους
rich
wealthy; figuratively, abounding with
#15
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#16
πίστει
faith
persuasion, i.e., credence; moral conviction (of religious truth, or the truthfulness of god or a religious teacher), especially reliance upon christ
#17
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#18
κληρονόμους
heirs
a sharer by lot, i.e., inheritor (literally or figuratively); by implication, a possessor
#19
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
βασιλείας
of the kingdom
properly, royalty, i.e., (abstractly) rule, or (concretely) a realm (literally or figuratively)
#21
ἡς
which
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#22
ἐπηγγείλατο
he hath promised
to announce upon (reflexively), i.e., (by implication) to engage to do something, to assert something respecting oneself
#23
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#24
ἀγαπῶσιν
G25
to them that love
to love (in a social or moral sense)
#25
αὐτόν
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing faith central to epistemology and the means by which humans receive divine revelation and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of James Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes faith in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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