Genesis 18:2

Authorized King James Version

And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground,

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשָּׂ֤א
And he lift up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#2
עֵינָיו֙
his eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#3
וַיַּ֗רְא
and looked
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#4
וְהִנֵּה֙
lo!
#5
שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה
and lo three
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
#6
אֲנָשִׁ֔ים
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#7
נִצָּבִ֖ים
stood
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#8
עָלָ֑יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#9
וַיַּ֗רְא
and looked
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#10
וַיָּ֤רָץ
them he ran
to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush)
#11
לִקְרָאתָם֙
to meet
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#12
מִפֶּ֣תַח
door
an opening (literally), i.e., door (gate) or entrance way
#13
הָאֹ֔הֶל
them from the tent
a tent (as clearly conspicuous from a distance)
#14
וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ
and bowed
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
#15
אָֽרְצָה׃
himself toward the ground
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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