Genesis 18:22

Authorized King James Version

And the men turned their faces from thence, and went toward Sodom: but Abraham stood yet before the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּפְנ֤וּ
turned their faces
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
#2
מִשָּׁם֙
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#3
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#4
וַיֵּֽלְכ֖וּ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#5
סְדֹ֑מָה
toward Sodom
sedom, a place near the dead sea
#6
וְאַ֨בְרָהָ֔ם
H85
but Abraham
abraham, the later name of abram
#7
עוֹדֶ֥נּוּ
yet
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
#8
עֹמֵ֖ד
stood
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
#9
לִפְנֵ֥י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#10
יְהוָֽה׃
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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