Psalms 51:1

Authorized King James Version

Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
חָנֵּ֣נִי
Have mercy
properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)
#2
אֱלֹהִ֣ים
upon me O God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#3
כְּחַסְדֶּ֑ךָ
according to thy lovingkindness
kindness; by implication (towards god) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
#4
כְּרֹ֥ב
according unto the multitude
abundance (in any respect)
#5
רַ֝חֲמֶ֗יךָ
of thy tender mercies
compassion (in the plural)
#6
מְחֵ֣ה
blot out
properly, to stroke or rub; by implication, to erase; also to smooth (as if with oil), i.e., grease or make fat
#7
פְשָׁעָֽי׃
my transgressions
a revolt (national, moral or religious)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Psalms, this passage highlights divine love through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of mercy connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about mercy, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by introducing key themes that will be developed throughout Psalms.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood mercy. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection