Psalms 45:7

Authorized King James Version

Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אָהַ֣בְתָּ
Thou lovest
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#2
צֶּדֶק֮
righteousness
the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity
#3
וַתִּשְׂנָ֫א
and hatest
to hate (personally)
#4
רֶ֥שַׁע
wickedness
a wrong (especially moral)
#5
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
כֵּ֤ן׀
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#7
מְשָׁחֲךָ֡
hath anointed
to rub with oil, i.e., to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
#8
אֱ֭לֹהֶיךָ
therefore God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#9
אֱ֭לֹהֶיךָ
therefore God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#10
שֶׁ֥מֶן
thee with the oil
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
#11
שָׂשׂ֗וֹן
of gladness
cheerfulness; specifically, welcome
#12
מֵֽחֲבֵרֶֽךָ׃
above thy fellows
an associate

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to Psalms. The concept of love reflects the development of divine love within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes agape in Greek contexts or hesed in Hebrew, indicating covenantal loyalty, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show patron-client relationships and family loyalty concepts, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection