Hebrews 1:9

Authorized King James Version

Thou hast loved righteousness, and hated iniquity; therefore God, even thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἠγάπησας
G25
Thou hast loved
to love (in a social or moral sense)
#2
δικαιοσύνην
righteousness
equity (of character or act); specially (christian) justification
#3
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#4
ἐμίσησας
hated
to detest (especially to persecute); by extension, to love less
#5
ἀνομίαν·
iniquity
illegality, i.e., violation of law or (genitive case) wickedness
#6
διὰ
therefore
through (in very wide applications, local, causal, or occasional)
#7
τοῦτο
that thing
#8
ἔχρισέν
hath anointed
to smear or rub with oil, i.e., (by implication) to consecrate to an office or religious service
#9
σε
thee
thee
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
θεός
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#12
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
θεός
God
a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)
#14
σου
even thy
of thee, thy
#15
ἔλαιον
with the oil
olive oil
#16
ἀγαλλιάσεως
G20
of gladness
exultation; specially, welcome
#17
παρὰ
above
properly, near; i.e., (with genitive case) from beside (literally or figuratively), (with dative case) at (or in) the vicinity of (objectively or subj
#18
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#19
μετόχους
fellows
participant, i.e., (as noun) a sharer; by implication, an associate
#20
σου
even thy
of thee, thy

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Hebrews Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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