Hebrews 1:10

Authorized King James Version

And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of thine hands:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
Σὺ
Thou
thou
#3
κατ'
in
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
#4
ἀρχάς
the beginning
(properly abstract) a commencement, or (concretely) chief (in various applications of order, time, place, or rank)
#5
κύριε
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#6
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
γῆν
of the earth
soil; by extension a region, or the solid part or the whole of the terrene globe (including the occupants in each application)
#8
ἐθεμελίωσας
hast laid the foundation
to lay a basis for, i.e., (literally) erect, or (figuratively) consolidate
#9
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
ἔργα
the works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#11
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
χειρῶν
hands
the hand (literally or figuratively (power); especially (by hebraism) a means or instrument)
#13
σού
of thine
of thee, thy
#14
εἰσιν
are
they are
#15
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
οὐρανοί·
the heavens
the sky; by extension, heaven (as the abode of god); by implication, happiness, power, eternity; specially, the gospel (christianity)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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