Isaiah 42:5

Authorized King James Version

Thus saith God the LORD, he that created the heavens, and stretched them out; he that spread forth the earth, and that which cometh out of it; he that giveth breath unto the people upon it, and spirit to them that walk therein:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כֹּֽה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#2
אָמַ֞ר
Thus saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
הָאֵ֣ל׀
God
strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the almighty (but used also of any deity)
#4
יְהוָ֗ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#5
בּוֹרֵ֤א
he that created
(absolutely) to create; (qualified) to cut down (a wood), select, feed (as formative processes)
#6
הַשָּׁמַ֙יִם֙
the heavens
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
#7
וְנ֣וֹטֵיהֶ֔ם
and stretched them out
to stretch or spread out; by implication, to bend away (including moral deflection); used in a great variety of application (as follows)
#8
רֹקַ֥ע
he that spread forth
to pound the earth (as a sign of passion); by analogy to expand (by hammering); by implication, to overlay (with thin sheets of metal)
#9
הָאָ֖רֶץ
the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#10
וְצֶאֱצָאֶ֑יהָ
and that which cometh out
issue, i.e., produce, children
#11
נֹתֵ֤ן
of it he that giveth
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#12
נְשָׁמָה֙
breath
a puff, i.e., wind, angry or vital breath, divine inspiration, intellect. or (concretely) an animal
#13
לָעָ֣ם
unto the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#14
עָלֶ֔יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#15
וְר֖וּחַ
upon it and spirit
wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the
#16
לַהֹלְכִ֥ים
to them that walk
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#17
בָּֽהּ׃
H0

Analysis

Within the broader context of Isaiah, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Isaiah.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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