Matthew 19:28

Authorized King James Version

And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
δὲ
G1161
And
but, and, etc
#3
Ἰησοῦς
G2424
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#4
εἶπεν
G2036
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#5
αὐτοῦ
G846
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#6
Ἀμὴν
G281
Verily
properly, firm, i.e., (figuratively) trustworthy; adverbially, surely (often as interjection, so be it)
#7
λέγω
G3004
I say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#8
ὑμῖν
G5213
unto you
to (with or by) you
#9
ὅτι
G3754
That
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#10
ὑμεῖς
G5210
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#11
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἀκολουθήσαντές
G190
have followed
properly, to be in the same way with, i.e., to accompany (specially, as a disciple)
#13
μοι
G3427
me
to me
#14
ἐν
G1722
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#15
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
παλιγγενεσίᾳ
G3824
the regeneration
(spiritual) rebirth (the state or the act), i.e., (figuratively) spiritual renovation; specially, messianic restoration
#17
ὅταν
G3752
when
whenever (implying hypothesis or more or less uncertainty); also causatively (conjunctionally) inasmuch as
#18
καθίσεσθε
G2523
shall sit
to seat down, i.e., set (figuratively, appoint); intransitively, to sit (down); figuratively, to settle (hover, dwell)
#19
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
υἱὸς
G5207
the Son
a "son" (sometimes of animals), used very widely of immediate, remote or figuratively, kinship
#21
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#22
ἀνθρώπου
G444
of man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#23
ἐπὶ
G1909
in
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#24
θρόνους
G2362
the throne
a stately seat ("throne"); by implication, power or (concretely) a potentate
#25
δόξης
G1391
glory
glory (as very apparent), in a wide application (literal or figurative, objective or subjective)
#26
αὐτοῦ
G846
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#27
καθίσεσθε
G2523
shall sit
to seat down, i.e., set (figuratively, appoint); intransitively, to sit (down); figuratively, to settle (hover, dwell)
#28
καὶ
G2532
also
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#29
ὑμεῖς
G5210
ye
you (as subjective of verb)
#30
ἐπὶ
G1909
in
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#31
δώδεκα
G1427
the twelve
two and ten, i.e., a dozen
#32
θρόνους
G2362
the throne
a stately seat ("throne"); by implication, power or (concretely) a potentate
#33
κρίνοντες
G2919
judging
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#34
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#35
δώδεκα
G1427
the twelve
two and ten, i.e., a dozen
#36
φυλὰς
G5443
tribes
an offshoot, i.e., race or clan
#37
τοῦ
G3588
which
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#38
Ἰσραήλ
G2474
of Israel
israel (i.e., jisrael), the adopted name of jacob, including his descendants (literally or figuratively)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Matthew, this passage highlights kingdom of God through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of glory connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about glory, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Matthew.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Jewish biographical literature presenting Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of kingdom of God within the theological tradition of Matthew Understanding a worldview expecting divine intervention through a promised Messiah helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes glory in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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