Matthew 16:18

Authorized King James Version

And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
κἀγὼ
also
so also the dative case ????? <pronunciation strongs="kam-oy'"/>, and accusative case ???? <pronunciation strongs="kam-eh'"/> and (or also, even, etc.
#2
δέ
And
but, and, etc
#3
σοι
unto thee
to thee
#4
λέγω
I say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#5
ὅτι
That
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#6
σὺ
thou
thou
#7
εἶ
art
thou art
#8
Πέτρος
Peter
a (piece of) rock (larger than g3037); as a name, petrus, an apostle
#9
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#10
ἐπὶ
upon
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
#11
ταύτῃ
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#12
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
πέτρᾳ
rock
a (mass of) rock (literally or figuratively)
#14
οἰκοδομήσω
I will build
to be a house-builder, i.e., construct or (figuratively) confirm
#15
μου
my
of me
#16
τὴν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
ἐκκλησίαν
church
a calling out, i.e., (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (jewish synagogue, or christian community of members on earth
#18
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#19
πύλαι
the gates
a gate, i.e., the leaf or wing of a folding entrance (literally or figuratively)
#20
ᾅδου
G86
of hell
properly, unseen, i.e., "hades" or the place (state) of departed souls
#21
οὐ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#22
κατισχύσουσιν
prevail against
to overpower
#23
αὐτῆς
it
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within Roman imperial rule over Jewish Palestine with messianic expectations. The author writes to address Jewish Christians seeking to understand Jesus as Messiah, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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