John 18:28

Authorized King James Version

Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Ἄγουσιν
G71
led they
properly, to lead; by implication, to bring, drive, (reflexively) go, (specially) pass (time), or (figuratively) induce
#2
οὖν
Then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#5
ἀπὸ
from
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#6
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
Καϊάφα
Caiaphas
the dell; caiaphas (i.e., cajepha), an israelite
#8
εἰς
into
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#9
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
πραιτώριον
the hall of judgment
the praetorium or governor's courtroom (sometimes including the whole edifice and camp)
#11
ἦν
it was
i (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
#12
δὲ
and
but, and, etc
#13
πρωίᾳ
early
day-dawn
#14
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#15
αὐτοὶ
they themselves
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#16
οὐκ
not
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#17
εἰσῆλθον
went
to enter (literally or figuratively)
#18
εἰς
into
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#19
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
πραιτώριον
the hall of judgment
the praetorium or governor's courtroom (sometimes including the whole edifice and camp)
#21
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#22
μὴ
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#23
μιανθῶσιν
they should be defiled
to sully or taint, i.e., contaminate (ceremonially or morally)
#24
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#25
ἵνα
that
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#26
φάγωσιν
they might eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#27
τὸ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#28
πάσχα
the passover
the passover (the meal, the day, the festival or the special sacrifices connected with it)

Analysis

This verse develops the divine love theme central to John. The concept of divine revelation reflects the essential nature of God revealed through Christ. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to theological biography emphasizing Jesus' divine identity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of divine love within the theological tradition of John Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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