James 4:9

Authorized King James Version

Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ταλαιπωρήσατε
Be afflicted
to be wretched, i.e., realize one's own misery
#2
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#3
πενθήσατε
mourn
to grieve (the feeling or the act)
#4
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#5
κλαύσατε
weep
to sob, i.e., wail aloud (whereas 1145 is rather to cry silently)
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
γέλως
laughter
laughter (as a mark of gratification)
#8
ὑμῶν
let your
of (from or concerning) you
#9
εἰς
to
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#10
πένθος
mourning
grief
#11
μεταστραφήτω
be turned
to turn across, i.e., transmute or (figuratively) corrupt
#12
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#13
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
χαρὰ
your joy
cheerfulness, i.e., calm delight
#15
εἰς
to
to or into (indicating the point reached or entered), of place, time, or (figuratively) purpose (result, etc.); also in adverbial phrases
#16
κατήφειαν
heaviness
demureness, i.e., (by implication) sadness

Analysis

Within the broader context of James, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of James.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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